General Info

courseProgram

The greenhouse industry in Italy, Europe and in the World
Quality of products of vegetables and flowers
Types of greenhouses and covering materials
Microclimate control
Ecophysiology and planning crop production
Propagation and nursery
Soilless culture (classification, floating systems, NFT, aeroponics, substrate culture, ebb and flow, types of substrates, nutrient solution preparation and management)
The main production chains of vegetable crops and flowers under greenhouse conditions

examMode

Oral test with written evaluation of nutrient solution formulation

books

Angeli F., 1988. Un migliore uso dell'energia delle serre. Franco Angeli Libri, Milano
Autori vari, 2003. Uso razionale delle risorse nel florovivaismo: I fabbisogni energetici. Quaderno ARSIA 2/2003
Tesi R., 2001. Colture protette, Calderini Edagricole, Bologna
Tesi R., 2002. Colture fuori suolo in orticoltura e floricoltura, Edagricole, Bologna
Pimpini F., 2001. Principali sistemi di coltivazione fuori suolo, Veneto Agricoltura
Orticoltura. Principi e pratica. di A. Pardossi, G. Prosdocimi Gianquinto, P. Santamaria, 2018. Edagricole-New Business Media
'Biostimolanti per un'agricoltura sostenibile' Ed. Informatore Agrario. Curatori: Colla, Rouphael
'Colture fuori suolo. Idroponica e coltivazione in substrato' Edagricole. Incrocci, Malorgio, Massa.

classRoomMode

Optional

bibliography

none

courseProgram

Specific techniques of risk assessment and analysis of accidents.
Environment and workplaces.
- Work environments in agriculture, livestock, forestry and fisheries
Fire Risk and emergency management:
- ATEX
Safety risks:
- Machinery, plants and agricultural and forestry equipment and on-board work equipment
- Electrical hazard
- Mechanical hazard
- Cargo handling: lifting and cargo handling equipment
- Falls from height(on-board and off-board)
Ergonomic and work organization related risks:
- Manual handling of loads
- VDU
Psychosocial risks:
- Work-related stress
- Mobbing and burnout syndrome
Physical agents:
- Noise and vibrations in the agricultural, forestry and fisheries.
- Hyperbaric atmospheres.
Chemicals, carcinogenic and mutagenic, asbestos:
- Exposure to chemical, biological, carcinogens used in agriculture
Risks related to particular activities:
- Confined environments and / or enviroments with suspicion of pollution
- Road activities
- Waste management
The risks of drugs, psychotropic and alcohol.
Organization of production processes.
Personal protective equipment
CEI sandards for structures and systems of agriculture, livestock and fisheries.

Exercise: 8 hours
2 visits at Teaching-Experimental Farm with analysis of the safety of machines and workplace.
2 classroom exercises for the risk assessment of noise, vibration and/or manual handling of loads.

"Work safety in agriculture" allows the achievement of "modulo B", for sector SP1 (agriculture, forestry, fishing) for Employees and Managers of the Prevention and Protection (subject to compulsory attendance at least 90% of the hours). For those who are not interested in the issue of that certificate the class attendance is optional.

examMode

The ongoing test will consist of a practical problem related to a specific risk factor.
For the practical test the candidate must illustrate a risk factor, previously assigned, through a paper in Word and / or a Power Point presentation. In particular, it must report on: - description of the danger; - effects on operators; - risk assessment methods; - reference legislation; - risk mitigation or remediation (prevention and protection). Two other questions will go over the whole course program. The presentation on the risk factor and the two questions will be evaluated with a score from 0 to 10. The final grade will be given by the sum of the three individual scores.
For the attribution of the vote, the level of knowledge of the contents shown and the ability to apply the concepts learned will be taken into account; synthesis and language properties will also be taken into consideration.
In critical situations, such as a high number of candidates, or peculiarities of one or more candidates, the exam can be done in written form with two open-ended questions, and the resolution of a practical case. Candidates will be given one and a half hours to respond. Furthermore, at the request of individual students, it is possible to take the exam in written or oral form, regardless of what is reported in the official appeal.
In any case, the same evaluation criteria described above will apply.

books

Cecchini M., Monarca D., CD Rom "Sicurezza del lavoro in agricoltura" (available on-line at the link: https://moodle.unitus.it/moodle/course/view.php?id=93)

mode

Frontal teaching: 40 hours

Exercise: 8 hours
2 visits at Teaching-Experimental Farm with analysis of the safety of machines and workplace.
2 classroom exercises for the risk assessment of noise, vibration and/or manual handling of loads.

Lessons and exercises will be developed to provide students with the basic tools to deepen, with competence and autonomy, the specific knowledge of specific risk factors by developing remediation and / or management procedures in accordance with current standards. To this end, the student is asked to explore a specific risk factor through the development of a thesis or presentation. During the lessons a participatory approach will be stimulated by the learners.

"Work safety in agriculture" allows the achievement of "modulo B", for sector SP1 (agriculture, forestry, fishing) for Employees and Managers of the Prevention and Protection (subject to compulsory attendance at least 90% of the hours). For those who are not interested in the issue of that certificate the class attendance is optional.

classRoomMode

Attendance at lectures and tutorials is recommended, but not mandatory.

"Work safety in agriculture" allows the achievement of "modulo B", for sector SP1 (agriculture, forestry, fishing) for Employees and Managers of the Prevention and Protection (subject to compulsory attendance at least 90% of the hours). For those who are not interested in the issue of that certificate the class attendance is optional.

bibliography

It is possible to download useful bibliographic references from the website www.ergolab-unitus.com

courseProgram

Agroecology definition, principles and practice.
Systemic approach applied to the agriculture: concept of agroecosystem; agroecosystem properties (productivity, stability, sustainability).
The farm as agroecosystem.
Designing and managing agroecological systems.
Importance of the agroecosystem biodiversity and mixed farming.
Importance of structural complexity between and within the fields: hedges and polyculture.
Environmental impact of agriculture: pollution and loss of biodiversity.
Presentation of concrete examples of crops agroecologically managed.
Field exercise: some concrete situations on field will be observed concerning some agronomic applications addressed to the sustainable management of agroecosystems.
Organic Agriculture in Italy
Organic farm management
Agronomic techniques in organic farming

examMode

At the end of the course, the students have the assessment test with an oral exam. The evaluation and the final grade will take into account the acquired knowledge and concepts, the ability to analyze problems, connect interdisciplinary knowledge, formulate hypotheses and judgments, mastery and clarity of expression and exposure. Several questions will be asked to the candidates ranging over the whole program, each of which will be evaluated with a score from 0 to 30. The final grade corresponds to the average of the individual grades.
In critical situations, such as a high number of candidates in the booking, or peculiarities of one or more candidates, the exam can be done in written form with six open-ended questions, evaluated as for the oral exam. Candidates will be given one and a half hours to answer. Furthermore, upon explicit request by individual students, it is possible to take the exam in written or oral form, regardless of what is reported in the official appeal.
At the request of the candidate, a PowerPoint presentation can be discussed concerning the deepening of a topic chosen by the student and agreed with the teacher, followed by some questions about the program. A score from 0 to 30 will be assigned to the presentation and to each of the answers to the questions. The final grade corresponds to the average of the individual grades defined as for the oral exam.

books

- Slides showed during the lessons available in Google Drive .
- Papers and Books suggested during the lessons
- Anderson, C. R., et al. (2021). Agroecology now!: Transformations Towards More Just and Sustainable Food Systems. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
- K. Martin, J. Sauerborn, Agroecology (Springer, Dordrecht, 49-102, 2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5917-6_3

mode

The course is structured in classroom lessons and/or in remote lessons (via video-conference), and in field lesson.
The classroom and remote lessons include all topics of the course program.
The lesson in the field concerns the application of some specific and theoretically discussed aspects.

classRoomMode

The course is structured in classroom lessons and/or in remote lessons (via video-conference), and in field lesson.
The classroom and remote lessons include all topics of the course program.
The lesson in the field concerns the application of some specific and theoretically discussed aspects.

bibliography

- Slides showed during the lessons available in Google Drive .
- Papers and Books suggested during the lessons
- Anderson, C. R., et al. (2021). Agroecology now!: Transformations Towards More Just and Sustainable Food Systems. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
- K. Martin, J. Sauerborn, Agroecology (Springer, Dordrecht, 49-102, 2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5917-6_3

courseProgram

General features of agricultural mechanization and the different development models.
Classification of different types of agricultural equipment: functional, energy and organizational features of farm machines and their use in the field.
Equipments for primary and secondary tillage and seedbed preparation, for fertilization, for seeding, for cultivation operations, for the distribution of pesticides and herbicides, for harvesting and storage of forage and fodder, for harvesting of grain, of industrial crops, of fruit and vegetables. Machines and systems for the preservation of products. Mechanization for precision farming.

examMode

DESCRIPTION OF ASSESSMENT METHODS
THE EXAM TAKES PLACE IN THE FORMS ESTABLISHED BY THE ART. 23 OF THE UNIVERSITY EDUCATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Learning outcomes and skills acquired (Dublin descriptors)
1. **Knowledge and Understanding:**
The student must know and understand the technology of agricultural driving and operating machines in their construction, functional and operational aspects with a view to developing the application of ideas, even in a research context.
2. **Application of Knowledge and Understanding:** and 4. **Communication Skills:**
In the practical test the student will apply the knowledge acquired in the creation of a presentation and in the display of the group work carried out. The work is displayed in class, at the end the teacher and the other students ask questions regarding the topics presented. The test is reserved for those who attend them. The illustration of the practical test also trains the student in group work and public presentation.
3. **Judgment Making Skills:** and 5. **Learning Skills:**
The compulsory oral test serves both as an overall assessment of the practical test and to delve deeper into the topics covered in class and the student's learning abilities.
The oral exam is normally made up of three questions, one of which possibly clarifies the ongoing test.
For those who did not follow and therefore did not take the practical test, the exam will be oral only and will focus on the entire program.
The ability to summarize, the ownership of language, the clarity of exposition, the ability to make technical judgments, the knowledge of the topics and the ownership of technical language are assessed.

books

Slides delle lezioni scaricabili dalla piattaforma Moodle.
M. Lazzari, F. Mazzetto – Meccanica e meccanizzazione dei processi produttivi agricoli. Reda, Torino, 2016

classRoomMode

Attendance is not mandatory but strongly recommended, especially for field exercises.

bibliography

L. Bodria, G. Pellizzi, P. Piccarolo – Meccanica e meccanizzazione agricola. Edagricole, Milano, 2013.
P. Biondi - Meccanica Agraria. Le macchine agricole. UTET, Torino, 1999 (fuori commercio, reperibile in biblioteca)

courseProgram

First part: INTRODUCTION TO RURAL DEVELOPMENT
- Definitions and concepts of "development" and "rural"
- Evolution of the concept of rural in time and space
- Rural development and sustainability

Second part: ECONOMY OF RURAL AREAS
- Information sources and data for the analysis of rural areas
- Territorial analysis and diagnosis
- Local strategies for the sustainable development of rural areas

Third part: RURAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES
- Historical evolution of rural development policies
- Strategic Plan of the CAP 2023-2027
- The rural development interventions envisaged in the 2023-2027 programming

Fourth part: CASE STUDIES
The case studies analyzed will address the following topics:
- competitiveness of the agricultural and forestry sector
- sustainable management of natural resources and climate action
- balanced territorial development of rural economies and communities
- knowledge, innovation and digitization processes

examMode

Midterm written test.
Final oral exam with presentation of a project.
The finale examination and its assessment are carried out in 3 phases:
1. the student elaborates and develops a written paper where addresses a topic / several topics of the program and delivers the paper to the teacher at least 5 days before the exam session
2. during the examination session the student presents the topics, analysis methodologies and main results of his paper with the aid of a PowerPoint presentation
3. at the end of the presentation, the teacher asks questions on the topics covered by the written paper, and other topics of the program to evaluate the student's overall knowledge
The evaluation is carried out considering the following aspects:
- quality of the written paper delivered by the student
- ability to exhibit and master the subject matter: after the presentation of the student, questions will be asked on aspects relating to the subject
- overall knowledge of the topics: questions will be asked on other topics of the program

books

Teaching material made available by the teacher.

mode

Mixed mode: in the classroom with students in presence and with students connected in live streaming.

classRoomMode

The frequency of lectures is highly recommended.

bibliography

Downloadable material from the following sites:
https://agriculture.ec.europa.eu/common-agricultural-policy/rural-development_it
https://www.reterurale.it/PAC_2023_27
http://www.pianetapsr.it/flex/cm/pages/ServeBLOB.php/L/IT/IDPagina/2835

courseProgram

Course contents
Lectures in the class: 40 hours.
Brief notes on the agro-ecosystem: energy flow, structure, operation, useful agricultural production and implications in the cycles of C, N, P, K and water.
The pedoclimatic Mediterranean environment: localization and general characteristics; general effects of the Mediterranean climate.
General aspects of forage crops: objectives, elements and constraints of the forage-livestock systems; specifications and definitions of fodder and forage crops; plant species of forage interest.
Classification of forage crops: procedures for use and planting, durability, inclusion in a crop rotation, number of species, the position and altitude, irrigation.
Typology and localization of forage crops.
Effects of forage crops in the agroecosystem: agronomic characteristics of the main forage species in the Mediterranean environment; use and benefits of forage legumes in the Mediterranean environment.
Main uses of forages depending on the type of farming and orientation of grassland in Italy.
Criteria and evaluation characters of forage species: precocity, attitude regrowth, leaf ratio / stalks, vitality, competitiveness, resistance and adaptive characters.
Evaluation and quality of fodder: chemical composition, dietary function or nutritional value, palatability.
Processing value of forage and methods of measurement.
Utilization of forage crops: green, preserved, direct grazing.
Importance of green fodder: factors, environmental aspects and implications.
Needs of forage conservation and methodologies.
Conservation method of haymaking: stages, cutting, conditioning, harvesting and baling, losses.
Preservation method silage: stages, cutting and collecting, compacting and closing of the silo; characteristics of the forage for silage; process management in silos; losses in storage in silos.
Pastures: advantages, composition, influence of climate, evaluation, types; effects of grazing; types of pastures; pasture improvement.
Grass and meadow: forage alternated; utilization of meadows; technical and management techniques itineraries; inclusion in the rotation, rotation and intercropping; characteristics of the main forage species grass meadow in agro-ecosystems in the Mediterranean climate.

Field exercises: 8 hours.
Some concrete situations will be observed on field, concerning the following theoretical aspects discussed in the classroom.
Some general aspects of forage crops.
Some aspects of the classification of forage crops.
Some types of forage crops.
Some effects of forage crops in agricultural systems.
Some species for the grass and meadow.

examMode

At the end of the course, the students have the assessment test with an oral exam. The evaluation and the final grade will take into account the knowledge and concepts acquired, the ability to analyze problems, connect interdisciplinary knowledge, formulate hypotheses and judgments, mastery and clarity of expression and exposure. At the candidate will be asked several questions ranging over the whole program, each of which will be evaluated with a score from 0 to 30. The final grade corresponds to the average of the individual grades.
In critical situations, such as a high number of candidates in the booking, or peculiarities of one or more candidates, the exam can be done in written form with six open-ended questions, evaluated as for the oral exam. Candidates will be given one and a half hours to answer. Furthermore, upon explicit request by individual students, it is possible to take the exam in written or oral form, regardless of what is reported in the official appeal.
At the request of the candidate, a PowerPoint presentation can be discussed concerning the deepening of a topic chosen by the student and agreed with the teacher, followed by some questions about the program. A score from 0 to 30 will be assigned to the presentation and to each of the answers to the questions. The final grade corresponds to the average of the individual grades defined as for the oral exam.

books

- Lesson slides, available on Dropbox at link provided by the teacher,- Suggested bibliography during the course.
- Baldoni R., Giardini L., Coltivazioni erbacee - Foraggere e Tappeti Erbosi, Ed. Patron, 2002. Bologna

mode

The course is structured in lessons in classroom and lessons in the field.
The classroom lessons include all topics of the course program.
The lessons in the field concern the concrete application of some specific aspects discussed in the classroom.

classRoomMode

Attendance is optional according to the current legislation

bibliography

Bibliografia individuata durante il corso

courseProgram

1. Introduction: history and role of genetic improvement, objectives of genetic improvement, concept of ideotype.

2. Recalls of basic concepts: Mitosis, Meiosis and Mendel's laws

3. Outlines of the botany of reproduction:
Floral morphology and structure, macro and microsporogenesis, macro and microgametogenesis, pollination, progamic phase, fertilisation, embryogenesis, seed and fruit development.

4. Types of reproduction (sexual, vegetative and apomictic reproduction), sex determination (hermaphroditism, monocyticism and diocyticism), union system (autogamy and allogamy). Male sterility (genetic, cytoplasmic and genetic-cytoplasmic, functional and conditional male sterility). Self incompatibility (sporophytic and gametophytic). Apomixis genetic control, genetic improvement of obligate and facultative apomictic species and prospects for transfer of apomixis to sexual species.

5. Fruit biology. Fruit set and development, parthenocarpy. Fruit ripening, ripening and pigment mutants.

6. Genomics and quantitative genetics: heritability, molecular markers and types of markers. Statistics applied to genetics. Use of bioinformatics in agriculture.

7. Sources of variability: genetic diversity and the gene pool concept, genetic resources, conservation and characterisation. Polyploidy.
Cross-breeding: intra- and interspecific crossing, sex barriers between species, heterosis Biotechnology to aid interspecific crossing
In vitro genetic improvement techniques: in vitro cultures, genetic transformation, somaclonal variability, interspecific hybridisation, haploid production, assisted evolution techniques.

8. Selection theory: Principles of selection theory for monogenic and polygenic traits. Selection of autogamous and allogamous plants. Assisted selection

9. Genetic structure of populations of autogamous, allogamous and vegetatively propagated and apomictic species.
Genetic improvement schemes:
- In predominantly autogamous species, selection in existing populations, mass selection and selection by pure line.
- Selection in segregating populations and single seed descent, doubled haploids. Backcrossing method for dominant and recessive allele, multilineage varieties, F1 hybrids in autogamous species.
Breeding schemes for predominantly allogamous species: mass selection concept of recurrent selection, synthetic varieties, F1 hybrids in allogamous species, use of male sterility in hybrid production schemes.

10. Elements of seed production genetics: evaluation of new introductions and entries in the Varietal Register, conservation selection and seed production, isolation, multiplication generations. Seed legislation. Biotechnology for variety protection (use of molecular markers for distinguishability), estimation of gene flow and its containment in conventional and genetically modified varieties.

Seminars: course students will be invited to attend one or two in-depth technical or scientific seminars on course topics.
Exercises: the practical activity will be dedicated to the knowledge of genetic variability in a species of agricultural interest, the examination of mutations involved in flower development, the execution of controlled crosses and an educational visit to a company operating in the improvement and/or seed production of species of agricultural interest.

examMode

Generally, the oral test consists of three questions, one of which is on a topic of the student's choice. Alternatively, the student may write a genetic improvement programme on a species of his or her interest in place of the topic of choice.

books

Since this is a multidisciplinary subject, I have included the reference bibliography for you to consult.

classRoomMode

Strongly recommended attendance given the multidisciplinary nature of the course.

bibliography

Materiale fornito dal docente tramite il Portale Docente.

courseProgram

Implementation and management of a spatial information system for risk identification and management. The spatial scale and the watershed. The Process of eutrophication and the vulnerability of the water body. The main factors for land use analysis: elevation, slope, exposure and land use map.
Photointerpretation to support land use planning: aerial and satellite imagery.
BMPs for hazard mitigation: what they are, how they are applied, and how they are managed in spatial information systems.
The implementation of a project for environmental risk mitigation at the watershed and farm scale.

examMode

At the end of the cycle of lectures, students are allowed to take the relevant assessment test in the forms previously approved by the Degree Course Council. The exam is oral and is based on the discussion of a paper (report) to be implemented through the use of GIS. This test is aimed at verifying the achievement of the objectives set for the specific discipline. The exam takes place in the forms established by the University Teaching Regulations. A specific report is drawn up for the execution, signed by the President and the members of the commission and by the student examined. The mark is expressed in thirtieths, with possible praise. Passing the exam requires the awarding of a grade not lower than eighteen / thirty and involves the assignment of the corresponding university educational credits.

books

- lecture notes;
- scientific articles provided by the lecturer;
- handouts provided by the lecturer;
- texts indicated by the lecturer during the course.

mode

Attendance is recommended due to the numerous laboratory activities conducted in the GIS environment in the dedicated classroom (geomatics classroom).

classRoomMode

Attendance is recommended due to the numerous laboratory activities conducted in the GIS environment in the dedicated classroom (geomatics classroom).

bibliography

- lecture notes;
- scientific articles provided by the lecturer;
- handouts provided by the lecturer;
- texts indicated by the lecturer during the course.

courseProgram

Program
Frontal lessons
Technical production and marketing of feeds
- Legislation relating to the production, marketing and labelling of feeds
- Legislation on GMOs in animal feeding
- The feed industry
- The production of feeds
Technical production and marketing of additives
- Legislation in force for the regulation of trade, distribution and use of additives
- Classification of additives
- For use in animal feeds
Feeding of ruminants
- feeding and nutrition of dairy cattle
- feeding and nutrition of beef cattle
- feeding and nutrition of buffalo
- feeding and nutrition of sheep
- feeding and nutrition of goats
Feeding monogastrics
- feeding and nutrition of pigs
- feeding and nutrition of poultry
- feeding and nutrition equines
Use the software for diets formulation.

examMode

In the evaluation of the test (or of the tests) in the attribution of the final grade, the following will be taken into account: the demonstrated level of knowledge of the contents (superficial, appropriate, precise and complete, complete and thorough), the ability to apply the theoretical concepts (discrete, good, well-established), of the capacity for analysis, synthesis and interdisciplinary connections (sufficient, good, excellent), the capacity for critical sense and the formulation of judgments (sufficient, good, excellent), of the mastery of expression (lacking exposure, simple, clear and correct, safe and correct). In particular, the judgment and the final grade will take into account the knowledge and concepts acquired, the ability to analyze problems, to connect interdisciplinary knowledge, to formulate hypotheses and judgments, mastery and clarity of expression and exposure. The exam will be taken in oral form.
The candidate must demonstrate to have acquired knowledge in the field of feed technology and feeding and nutrition of the main farms species. The final grade will be formulated taking into account the level of knowledge of the contents, the capacity for analysis, synthesis and interdisciplinary connections, the capacity for critical sense and expository clarity.

books

1. Dell'Orto, Savoini - Feeding of the dairy cow - Edagricole, 2005.

2. In-depth material provided by the teacher.

A link will be inserted to access the teaching material at the beginning of the course.

mode

Classroom lessons lasting 40 hours overall plus 8 exercises and seminars. The 36 hours include presentations (ppt or Inkscape) with graphic illustrations and photographs. More seminars held by teachers and technicians. Remote (Moodle, DropBox).

PRACTICAL EXERCISES
The tutorials provide technical visits to livestock farms (cattle, sheep, goats), feed industries, and use of software for the formulation of feed and diets for animals in livestock production (8 hours).

classRoomMode

Attendance to the lessons of the course is not mandatory

bibliography

Guoyao Wu, 2017. Principal of animal nutrition, CRC Press, Taylor and Francis Group, Boca Raton, FL, USA.

courseProgram

Viticulture
Course content
Diffusion of wine grape cultivation in European and extra-European countries. Regional situation in Italy. Main species of the genus Vitis and their origin, use and distribution. Organography: permanent wood, types of buds, the shoot, the inflorescence, the bunch, the berry, types of growth of the root system. Main components of grape berry: sugars, organic acids, polyphenols, aromatic substances, stilbenes. Methods of characterization of species and varieties, ampelography and ampelometry, OIV descriptors list. Management of data and characteristics of Italian and European Vitis databases. Technical objectives of conservation of the grape germoplasm. The clonal selection. Annual cycle and phenological phases of the plant: flower induction and differentiation, bud dormancy, fertility, development of the shoot and of the berry. Grapevine propagation: in vivo and in vitro techniques, problems and objectives. Organization and regulations of nursery plant production. Rootstocks: selection criteria in relation to the environment and variety. Influence of climate and soil on plant growth and on the main qualitative parameters of the grapes. Main bioclimatic indices. The photosynthetic process and relation to environmental and endogenous factors. Criteria for choosing varieties and clones in conventional and organic viticulture. Plant response mechanisms to biotic and abiotic stresses, isoidric and anisohydric grape varieties. Vineyard management: winter pruning, acrotony management, fertility and its distribution on vine cane. Main trellis training systems. Main vegetative-productive indexes. Direct and indirect methods of vigor assessment, the use of precision viticulture. Soil management techniques. Green pruning management and its influence on berry quality. Prediction of grape harvest: grape sampling techniques and analysis of main qualitative parameters.
- Practices: they will be carried out mainly at the Experimental Farm of the University of Tuscia and will focus on ampelography and agronomic management of the vineyard.

examMode

Assessment
The exam will take place as follows: by the end of the semester, an optional project will be proposed to the students, consisting of the presentation of the in-depth study of a topic, cultural problem or agronomic technique consistent with the program performed. This test will be evaluated with a weight of 50% on the overall grade. Students who have passed this test will be able to take the oral exam consisting in the discussion of one topic of the program.
Alternatively, the student can undergo the full oral examination.
Final evaluation will be taken into account the level of knowledge of the topics included in the program, the capacity of critical analysis and interdisciplinary connection.

books

- Bibliography provided trought the year

Books:
- Fregoni M., 2005. Viticoltura di qualità. Editore Phytoline
- Palliotti A. Poni S., Silvestroni O. 2018. Manuale di Viticoltura. Edagricole
- Calò A., Scienza A., Costacurta A. 2006 - Vitigni d'Italia. Calderini, Edagricole

mode

Teaching

Classes: 32 hours
Practices: 16hours

classRoomMode

Optional

bibliography

-D’Onofrio, Claudio; Tumino, Giorgio; Gardiman, Massimo; Crespan, Manna; Bignami, Cristina; de Palma, Laura; Barbagallo, Maria Gabriella; Muganu, Massimo ; Morcia, Caterina; Novello, Vittorino; Schneider, Anna; Terzi, Valeria (2021). Parentage Atlas of Italian Grapevine Varieties as Inferred From SNP Genotyping. 2021. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.605934
-Teobaldelli, M., Rouphael, Y., Gonnella, M., Buttaro, D., Rivera, C.M., Muganu, M., Colla, G., Basile, B. (2020). Developing a fast and accurate model to estimate allometrically the total shoot leaf area in grapevines Scientia Horticulturae Volume 259, 3 January, Article number 108794
-Ciaffi M, Paolacci AR, Paolocci M, Alicandri E, Bigini V, Badiani M, Muganu M (2019). Transcriptional regulation of stilbene synthases in grapevine germplasm differentially susceptible to downy mildew BMC Plant Biology volume 19, Article number: 404
-Elisa Pellegrini, Alessandra Campanella, Marco Paolocci, Alice Trivellini, Clizia Gennai, Massimo Muganu, Cristina Nali, Giacomo Lorenzini. (2015). Functional Leaf Traits and Diurnal Dynamics of Photosynthetic Parameters Predict the Behavior of Grapevine Varieties Towards Ozone. PLOS ONE ISSN: 1932-6203 DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0135056 August 13, pp 1-26.
-M. Paolocci, M. Muganu, V. Alonso-Villaverde, K. Gindro. (2014). Leaf morphological characteristics and stilbene production differently affect downy mildew resistance of Vitis vinifera varieties grown in Italy. Vitis Journal of Grapevine Research 53 issue 3, 155-161 ISSN 0042-7500
-Muganu M. and Paolocci M. (2013). Adaptation of Local Grapevine Germplasm: Exploitation of Natural Defence Mechanisms to Biotic Stresses, The Mediterranean Genetic Code - Grapevine and Olive, B. Sladonja and D. Poljuha (Eds.), ISBN: 978-953-51-1067-5, InTech, 221-246. DOI: 10.5772/51976
-Muganu M., Paolocci, M., Gnisci, D., Barnaba, F.E., Bellincontro, A., Mencarelli, F. and Grosu, I. (2013). Effect of different soil management practices on grapevine growth and on berry quality assessed by NIR-AOTF spectroscopy. Acta Hort. 978:117-125 ISSN 0567-7572
-Muganu M., Bellincontro A., Barnaba F.E., Paolocci M., Mencarelli F. (2012). Microclimate Influence on the Morphology of Grape Berry at Maturity and on the Quality of the Berries During the Postharvest Dehydration Process. Acta Hort., vol. 931, p. 179-185, ISSN: 0567-7572
-Muganu M., Andrea Bellincontro, Federico E. Barnaba, Marco Paolocci, Cristina Bignami, Gabriella Gambellini and Fabio Mencarelli (2011). Influence of Bunch Position on Berry Epicuticular Wax During Ripening and on Weight Loss in Dehydration Process. Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 62 (1): 91-98 ISSN 0002-9254
-Muganu M., Gerald Dangl, Malli Aradhya, Manuela Frediani, Angela Scossa and Ed Stover (2009). Ampelographic and DNA Characterization of Local Grapevine Accessions of the Tuscia Area (Latium, Italy). Am. J. Enol. Vitic. 60 (1): 110-115 ISSN 0002-9254
-Muganu M., G.M. Balestra, P. Magro, G. Pettinari, and C. Bignami. (2007). Susceptibility of local grape cultivars to Plasmopara viticola and response to copper compounds with low cupric salts concentration in Latium (Central Italy). In: Acta Hort. 754, p. 373-378 ISSN 0567-7572

courseProgram

The practical lectures will be about:
- Sampling of plant materials
- Isolation of microorganisms
- Microscopical and morphological observations
- DNA extraction
- Molecular characterizazions of the pathogens

examMode

The students will develop a detection assay based on a case study

books

materials furnished by the teacher

mode

10% of frontal lectures and 90% of practical lectures in lab to be organized based on the numerosity of the students

classRoomMode

Not mandatory

bibliography

materials furnished by the teacher

courseProgram

- Molecular Biotechnology for Gene Cloning
- Genetic Transformation of Plants
- Introduction of Traits through Genetic Transformation: Genetically modified plants and cisgenic plants.
- Gene Silencing: VIGS (Virus-Induced Gene Silencing), RNA interference (RNAi), genome editing.
- CRISPR/CAS System
- Human Nutrition and Food Safety
- Plant Breeding for Nutritional Quality Improvement: General introduction.
- Biofortification: Case studies.
- Genetic Improvement for Selecting Plants with Reduced Levels of Toxic or Antinutritional Compounds: Case studies.
-How Crop Breeders Look for Specific Traits to Address Practical Problems
Genetic Engineering of Crops as a Complement to Conventional Plant Breeding
- Enhancing Crop Sustainability through Genetic Improvement: Extended Shelf Life: Genetic traits that prolong freshness and reduce food waste; Water Use Efficiency (WUE): Breeding crops that require less water, promoting resilience in water-scarce environments; Reduced Fertilizer Input: Developing plants with optimized nutrient uptake to minimize fertilizer needs; Pathogen Resistance: Enhancing natural resistance to pests and diseases to reduce reliance on pesticides.

examMode

The oral exam is taken on the entire program. Three questions are posed. The final score is the average of the three scores of the respective oral questions.

books

Plants, Genes, and Agriculture: Sustainability through Biotechnology 1st Edition
by Maarten J. Chrispeels (Editor), Paul Gepts (Editor)

Slides and other materials will be made available to students on Moodle platform

classRoomMode

Attendance is not mandatory

bibliography

Not available.

courseProgram

Basic concepts of cartography and reference systems. The territorial information system for land planning in the GIS environment: how it is created, what the basic and detailed information layers are. Watershed analysis through photo interpretation of multispectral aerial and Sentinel-2 satellite images. Diachronic analysis for studying the evolution of agricultural and forested areas. LIDAR data: applications for determining biomass and stock volume. Monitoring through the NDVI index obtained from multispectral data of the Copernicus program.

examMode

The evaluation is expressed in thirtieths. The exam is passed if a grade of eighteen thirtieths or higher is achieved.
The evaluation includes:

1. Knowledge and understanding: Students will be assessed on their ability to demonstrate a thorough understanding of fundamental concepts in planning, designing, and managing land. They will be subjected to theoretical and conceptual questions during the written exam, covering topics such as the benefits of rural areas, national and international regulations, planning tools, and agricultural landscape design criteria.

2. Ability to apply knowledge and understanding: Students will have the opportunity to demonstrate their ability to apply the theoretical knowledge acquired during the course to practical situations and case studies. This might include solving planning and design problems, selecting plant species for specific areas intended for NBS (Nature-Based Solutions), and sustainably managing water resources.

3. Autonomy of judgment: The exam will include questions designed to assess students' ability to critically evaluate options for agricultural landscape design and management. Students will be encouraged to make informed decisions based on ecological, social, and economic criteria, considering the long-term implications of their choices.

4. Communication: Students must demonstrate effective communication skills in presenting their analyses and project proposals. This could include preparing clear and concise written reports, as well as the ability to orally present their projects before an examination committee.

5. Learning skills: The exam will also aim to assess students' ability to continue learning and developing their skills in the field of rural land management. They will be encouraged to reflect on their course experience and identify potential improvements or future developments in sustainable management practices for rural areas.

books

- Lecture notes;
- Texts provided by the instructor during class

mode

The course is carried out face-to-face in the geomatics classroom. The course includes laboratory activities.

classRoomMode

The course is carried out face-to-face in the geomatics classroom. The course includes laboratory activities.

bibliography

- Lecture notes;
- Texts provided by the instructor during class

courseProgram

1.Reconstruction of the technical-productive and economic sheets of the cultivation and breeding activities.
2.Optimizing and sustainable choices from an economic point of view.
3.Adaptation strategies in different climate and agricultural policy scenarios.

examMode

The assessment of knowledge will be based on the ability to analyze and discuss scientific papers on the proposed topics.

books

Teaching material made available by the teacher.

classRoomMode

The frequency of lectures is highly recommended.

bibliography

Scientific papers made available by the teacher.

courseProgram

DETERMINING FARM INCOME AND PROFITABILITY
Structure of the farm and its production techniques. Calculating the rate of return of the borrowed capital. The labor employed on farm. Farming activity. The Balance Sheet of the farm. The Income Statement of the farm. Indexes for an economic evaluation of the results of the farm. Remuneration to the inputs provided by the entrepreneur and his family. Indicators of economic viability. Indicators for evaluation sheet. The results of the farm without the Single Farm Payment (SFP)

DETERMINING PROFITABILITY, CAPITAL STRUCTURE, AND FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY IN A SHEEP MILK FARM.
Introduction.
General aspects of business management. Plots of land managed: costs of acquisition and construction of the plants arboreal. Amortization and repayment of debts. Calculating the rate of return of capital borrowed. The labor employed by the sheep. Farming activity. The Balance Sheet farm sheep milk. The Income Statement of farm livestock. Indicators to assess the results of the farm. The compensation to the inputs provided by the entrepreneur and his family. Indicators of economic viability. Capital and financial indicators. The results of the farm without the Single Farm Payment (SFP). The production of cash to repay the debt (FCFO-FCFE).

PRACTICAL EXERCISES
The practical exercises involve the analysis of real farms, whose data are extracted, completely anonymous, from the Farm Accountancy Data Network (RICA). In particular, students are guided in defining the economic structure and financial position of those farms, and in assessing their economic and financial sustainability.

examMode

The student will have to take a written exam that will be held during the course. The exam will be used to verify the knowledge of the Balance Sheet and the Income Statement, as well as the main profitability indicators (ROI - ROE) calculated for agricultural production activities. The result of this exam will be assigned a score out of thirtieths. The student who during the course is unable to attend the written exam, will take it 7 days before the oral exam session.

The final score of the individual student will be the average of the score of his/her oral exam and the score of his/her written exam. The exam will be passed if the average of these two scores is greater than or equal to 18/30.

books

Economics and Management of Agricultural Business, Gabriele Dono, 2024 publisher Fernandez, Viterbo

- part 1 - basic elements for economic, equity and financial analysis in agricultural businesses;
- part 2a - equity and financial indicators in an dairy sheep farm.

mode

The teaching will take place with lectures and class exercises.
The lessons and practical exercises concern the analysis of the technical-structural and economic data of real farms, extracted anonymously from the Agricultural Accounting Information Network (FADN). The exercises guide students to frame and attribute an economic value to the elements of Working Capital, Fixed Capital (here determining the depreciation rates), Third Party Capital, and Net Capital (start and end of the administrative year). Then, the exercises guide the students to define the value of the Income, of the Variable Costs, of the Added Value, of the Gross Income, of the Fixed Costs, of the Operating and Net Income, of the main Taxes and taxes applied in agriculture. The exercises also guide the students to evaluate the profitability of the farm by estimating the income of capital, and the income of labour. In the same way, students will be guided to evaluate the patrimonial and financial conditions of the farm. All these knowledges will allow to specify the Business Plan of an investment project on a farm. In this regard, the class students will be divided into groups of 4-5 units, each of which will be provided with the data concerning the balance sheet, the income statement and the main structural and technical characteristics of a real farm. Based on those data, students will have to reconstruct an investment project of that farm, verifying its economic and financial sustainability by calculating the ROI, ROE, ROS indicators, the capital ratios and the financial cash flow indicators. The exercises will serve to discuss the problems of specifying the economic and financial results of the farm activities and the construction of the investment project.

classRoomMode

Attendance to the lectures is optional, although the student is invited to take the lectures that will be held with two weekly sessions, lasting 2 hours each.

The teaching method includes two phases: the first with theoretical lessons, the second with exercises for the construction of the balance sheet of a farm and its economic and financial evaluation. The exercises are based on real farms data.

The course is based on classic frontal lectures dedicated to the theoretical bases for the construction of the economic balance sheet of a farm, as well as on the evaluation of its profitability conditions. These lessons will be held by comparing the classic system of compilation and reclassification of the economic balance sheet, with the system adopted by the European Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN), managed in Italy by CREA-PB. At the end of this phase the student will be subjected to a written test of the knowledge acquired which will be associated with a grade that will weigh for half of the final result of the exam.

In the oral exam, the student must demonstrate knowledge of the indicators that are used to specify the conditions of asset structure and financial sustainability of an agricultural company. This oral exam will be associated with a grade that will weigh for half of the final result of the exam.

bibliography

Baumol, W., Panzer, J. and Willig, R., 1982, Contestable Markets and the Theory of Industry Structure, New York, Harcourt Brace, Jovanovich.
Bruni F., Franco S., 2003, Economia dell’impresa e dell’azienda agraria, FrancoAngeli, Milano.
Bruni F., 2000, Lezioni di Contabilità Agraria, collana DEAR, sezione Materiali didattici, Università degli Studi della Tuscia, Viterbo.
Cerioli, D. (2016) – Costo del lavoro: profili retributivi, contributivi e fiscali, Diritto & Pratica del Lavoro, 42/2016.
De Benedictis, M., Cosentino V. (1979) – Economia dell’Azienda Agraria, Il Mulino, Bologna.
De Luca G., De Rosa C., Minieri S., Verrilli A., 2014, Dizionario di Economia Politica Gruppo Editoriale Esselibri - Simone, Napoli
Fontana C., 2017, La fiscalità delle imprese agricole. G. Giappichelli Editore – Torino Galbraith J.K., II nuovo stato industriale, Einaudi, Torino, 1968
Giacinti R., Tellarini V., Salvini E., Di Iacovo F., Andreoli M., Moruzzo R., Olivieri D., 2002, Analisi e gestione economico-contabile per l’impresa agro-zootecnica, Franco Angeli,
Milano.
Giunta e Pisani, 2008, Il bilancio, APOGEO, Milano
Grillenzoni M., Grittani G. e Malagoli C., 2007, ESTIMO, Manuale di Ingegneria Civile e Ambientale, ZANICHELLI, Bologna, 2007.
Iacoponi L., Romiti R., 1994, Economia e Politica Agraria, Edizioni Agricole del Sole 24 Ore, Bologna.
Malagoli C., 2007, Estimo territoriale e ambientale, ARACNE EDITRICE, Roma, 2007, pagg. 487.
Mantino F., a cura di, 1995, – Impresa Agraria e dintorni. Contributi allo studio dell’impresa e delle sue trasformazioni nel territorio. Studi & Ricerche INEA.
Marenco G., 1995, “L’economia dell’azienda agraria serpieriana fra concezione aziendalistica e teoria manageriale dell’impresa” in Marinelli A., Nanni P. (a cura di) Arrigo
Serpieri e la sua costruzione teorica tra economia politica e realtà settoriale, Officine Grafiche Stianti, Firenze.
Marris R.L., La teoria economica del capitalismo manageriale, Einaudi, 1972 126
Mazzapicchio. G., 2004, Tesi di Laurea: Un tentativo di verifica della congruità dei Valori Agricoli Medi nel contesto espropriativo, relatore Prof. Lorenzo Venzi, Anno Accademico
2003/2004.
Prestamburgo M., Saccomandi V., 1995, Economia agraria, Etaslibri tutor, Milano
Simon H., Models of Thought (vol. II), Yale University Press, New Haven, CT, 1989.
Cyert RM e March JG, Teoria del comportamento dell'impresa, Franco Angeli, 1970.
Torquati B., 2003, Economia e Gestione dell’Impresa Agraria, Edizioni Agricole del Sole 24 Ore, Bologna.
Williamson O.E., 1987, Le istituzioni economiche del capitalismo. Imprese, mercati, rapporti contrattuali, Franco Angeli, Milano.
Zamagni S., 1994, Economia Politica, NIS, Roma.

courseProgram

1. Externalities: Unintended Side Effects of Market Activity
2. Government Policies and Programs
3. Organic farming: production and markets.
4. Common Agricultural Policy. Measures aimed at fostering the environmental sustainability of farming practices and organic production and consumption.

examMode

Verification of the achievement of the training objectives is carried out through an oral test which is based on three questions relating to the topics indicated in the program. The judgment considers the knowledge of the concepts acquired and the ability to analyze problems, to connect interdisciplinary knowledge, to formulate hypotheses and judgements, as well as the mastery and clarity of expression and exposition. Each question in the oral test is evaluated with a score from 0 to 10.

books

William A. Masters and Amelia B. Finaret (2024). Food Economics. Agriculture, Nutrition, and Health. Palgrave Textbooks in Agricultural Economics and Food Policy. ISBN 978-3-031-53840-7 (eBook). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-53840-7. Parts: 4.2, 6.

European Commission (2023). Organic farming in the EU. A decade of organic growth. Agricultural Market Brief N. 20. https://agridata.ec.europa.eu/extensions/OrganicFarmsReport/OrganicFarmsReport.html

European Commission (2021). COMMUNICATION FROM THE COMMISSION TO THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT, THE COUNCIL, THE EUROPEAN ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COMMITTEE AND THE COMMITTEE OF THE REGIONS ON AN ACTION PLAN FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ORGANIC PRODUCTION {SWD(2021) 65 final}

Available at: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/resource.html?uri=cellar:13dc912c-a1a5-11eb-b85c-01aa75ed71a1.0003.02/DOC_1&format=PDF

European Parliament. The EU's organic food market: facts and rules (infographic). Available at: https://www.europarl.europa.eu/topics/en/article/20180404STO00909/the-eu-s-organic-food-market-facts-and-rules-infographic

mode

The training objectives are achieved through lectures, seminars with sector operators and technical visits to production realities.

classRoomMode

In the assigned classrooms.

bibliography

European Commission. An environmentally sustainable CAP. https://agriculture.ec.europa.eu/sustainability/environmental-sustainability/cap-and-environment_en

European Commission. Organic farming. Policy, rules, organic certifications, support and criteria for organic farming. https://agriculture.ec.europa.eu/farming/organic-farming_en

courseProgram

Psa: epideiology, symptoms, history and control
Xylella: epidemiology, symptoms, history and contro

examMode

Questions about the program

books

Slides and material from the teacher

classRoomMode

The attendance is not mandatory

bibliography

Slides and material from the teacher

courseProgram

The course will focuses on the application of innovative nanotechnological tools to prevent and control
plant diseases, analyzing the positive sides of using these technologies in agro-industrial supply chain
together with a critical discussion about impacts on environment and human health.
Pt. 1: Introduction to the course; Pesticides and chemicals state of art; Origin and meaning of
nanotechnology and nanomaterials; Nanotechnology application in agriculture (plant nutrition, biosensors,
crop protection, post-harvest); Biochemical properties of nanomaterials; Nanomaterials design;
Functionalization of engineered nanomaterials; Nanomaterials in pathosystems; Regulations and laws
concerning nanotechnology applications.
Pt. 2: Case studies (Nanometric reduction of traditional chemicals, Waste valorization for nanomaterials
synthesis, Organic nanocompounds, Biochemical interaction with pathogens and living plant tissues, Post-
harvest applications).

examMode

Discussion of an article chosen by the student on the topics proposed in class with a presentation in ENGLISH

books

Material provided by the teacher (handouts, articles); Nanotechnology-based sustainable alternatives for plant disease management (Balestra, Fortunati)

classRoomMode

The frequence is not mandatory

bibliography

Material provided by the teacher (handouts, articles); Nanotechnology-based sustainable alternatives for plant disease management (Balestra, Fortunati)

courseProgram

The course is organized into two modules.
The first includes lessons on the regulatory framework for the exercise of freelance professions, the code of ethics and the organization of the professional association system.
The second includes in-depth lessons on specific valuation topics and monographic seminars on issues of professional interest

Passing the final assessment exam confers eligibility for the second test of the professional qualification exam for the role of Agronomist and Forestry Doctor.

examMode

Oral: Candidates must bring to the oral exam a written projects assigned by the teacher that will be discussed during the oral exam .

The evaluation will take into consideration the following elements:
1. acquisition by the candidate of adequate technical terminology
2. degree of in-depth analysis and understanding of the issues under discussion
3. ability to present the topics under discussion in a clear and complete way

books

Readings suggested by the teachers

classRoomMode

Attendance not mandatory

bibliography

Texts of specific regulations.
Materials for further study on the topics covered in the meetings.

courseProgram

Agroecology definition, principles and practice.
Systemic approach applied to the agriculture: concept of agroecosystem; agroecosystem properties (productivity, stability, sustainability).
The farm as agroecosystem.
Designing and managing agroecological systems.
Importance of the agroecosystem biodiversity and mixed farming.
Importance of structural complexity between and within the fields: hedges and polyculture.
Environmental impact of agriculture: pollution and loss of biodiversity.
Presentation of concrete examples of crops agroecologically managed.
Field exercise: some concrete situations on field will be observed concerning some agronomic applications addressed to the sustainable management of agroecosystems.

examMode

At the end of the course, the students have the assessment test with an oral exam. The evaluation and the final grade will take into account the acquired knowledge and concepts, the ability to analyze problems, connect interdisciplinary knowledge, formulate hypotheses and judgments, mastery and clarity of expression and exposure. Several questions will be asked to the candidates ranging over the whole program, each of which will be evaluated with a score from 0 to 30. The final grade corresponds to the average of the individual grades.
In critical situations, such as a high number of candidates in the booking, or peculiarities of one or more candidates, the exam can be done in written form with six open-ended questions, evaluated as for the oral exam. Candidates will be given one and a half hours to answer. Furthermore, upon explicit request by individual students, it is possible to take the exam in written or oral form, regardless of what is reported in the official appeal.
At the request of the candidate, a PowerPoint presentation can be discussed concerning the deepening of a topic chosen by the student and agreed with the teacher, followed by some questions about the program. A score from 0 to 30 will be assigned to the presentation and to each of the answers to the questions. The final grade corresponds to the average of the individual grades defined as for the oral exam.

books

- Slides showed during the lessons available in Google Drive .
- Papers and Books suggested during the lessons
- Anderson, C. R., et al. (2021). Agroecology now!: Transformations Towards More Just and Sustainable Food Systems. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
- K. Martin, J. Sauerborn, Agroecology (Springer, Dordrecht, 49-102, 2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5917-6_3

mode

The course is structured in classroom lessons and/or in remote lessons (via video-conference), and in field lesson.
The classroom and remote lessons include all topics of the course program.
The lesson in the field concerns the application of some specific and theoretically discussed aspects.

classRoomMode

The course is structured in classroom lessons and/or in remote lessons (via video-conference), and in field lesson.
The classroom and remote lessons include all topics of the course program.
The lesson in the field concerns the application of some specific and theoretically discussed aspects.

bibliography

- Slides showed during the lessons available in Google Drive .
- Papers and Books suggested during the lessons
- Anderson, C. R., et al. (2021). Agroecology now!: Transformations Towards More Just and Sustainable Food Systems. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham.
- K. Martin, J. Sauerborn, Agroecology (Springer, Dordrecht, 49-102, 2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5917-6_3