#WEUNITUS

General Info

SUBJECTSEMESTERCFUSSDLANGUAGE
119134 - SECURITY AND INDIVIDUAL LIBERTIES IN COMPARATIVE PERSPECTIVE

First Semester 6IUS/09eng

Learning objectives

Knowledge and understanding
Knowledge of the main institutions of comparative public law, with particular attention to the history
of the modern state and of constitutionalism, as well as to the concrete operation of the legal
guarantees of rights and liberties.
Applying knowledge and understanding
Ability to locate relevant legislative, bibliographic, and case-law materials and to employ them in
framing legal problems. Ability to address the main issues that arise within different legal and
institutional systems, with particular attention to the protection of liberties and rights. Ability to identify
and appropriately select leading doctrinal and jurisprudential interpretations of the relevant norms, with
attention to how these legal formants operate across different states.

Making judgements
Attentiveness to the interpretation of positive law and to the interaction among law, politics, and social
and economic factors, with the capacity to discern independently their respective modes of operation.
Communication skills
Ability to draft documents and analytical reports on topics covered in the course, demonstrating a clear
understanding of the relevant legal norms.
Ability to present complex arguments on course topics clearly and effectively in academic and
professional settings, including by participating in discussions and debates, defending one’s positions
with robust legal reasoning, and responding appropriately to objections and questions.
Learning skills
To foster students’ interest in the subject, encouraging their engagement and attentiveness in the study
of both general themes and specific issues.

121181 - INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL SOCIOLOGY OF SECURITY

First Semester 6SPS/07ENG

Learning objectives

The course aims to illustrate and analyse the legal framework of different forms of human mobility in and towards the European Union by adopting a relational approach to the interplay between the legal status of third-country nationals (TCNs) within the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ) and the regulation related to the management of the EU internal/external borders. The implications from the perspective of rights holders, including their fundamental rights, will be assessed and discussed.
D2 - Applied knowledge and understanding
By linking the treatment of aliens within the AFSJ and the integrated management of the EU and Member States borders, students will acquire concrete knowledge and practical understanding of how the latter affects the fragmentation of the legal status of TCNs within the former, and will reconstruct a taxonomy of migratory conditions, ranging from the genuine mobility status enjoyed by EU citizens and their family members to the purely non-mobile status imposed on asylum seekers.
D3 - Autonomy of judgement
The course follows a seminar methodology and is intended to be interactive. Therefore, active participation will be strongly encouraged. Examples and references to leading case law will be provided in order to stimulate debate and exchange of views among the students. At the end of the course, students will be able to rework and make the acquired notions their own, as well as to develop the aptitude for a learning method that is not mnemonic, but based on the ability to critically analyse and construct logical connections between the various aspects of the discipline.
D4 - Communication skills
At the end of the course, students will have learned the technical-legal language of European migration law and policy and its specificities, thus being able to expound the acquired knowledge in an appropriate manner. Communication skills will also be developed through the promotion of a constant dialogue between lecturer and learners, making the latter the protagonists of frontal teaching.
D5 - Ability to learn
At the end of the course, students are expected to have developed a method of learning the legal phenomena addressed and of arguing the theses set out that is suitable for understanding the complex legal issues dealt with in the course, enabling them to independently formulate legally and logically valid solutions.

121270 - LIBERTY AND SECURITY IN HISTORICAL AND PHILOPOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES - 9- -

Learning objectives

1) Knowledge and understanding: with the support of advanced textbooks and material
distributed and analysed during lessons, gain knowledge of some of the most significant
historical and philosophical turning points impacting the freedom/security nexus.
2) Applied knowledge and understanding: devise and support arguments on the main
historical and philosophical developments of the freedom/security dichotomy between the
Middle Ages and Modernity in Europe and America.
3) Making judgment: collect and interpret relevant data on the different cultures of freedom
that each historical context examined has developed over time in relation to the needs of
individual and collective security, with particular attention to the legal specificity underlying each
of these cultures.
4) Communication skills: communicating information, ideas, doubts, problems, and possible
solutions to the numerous challenges and unknowns that our globalized and digitized present has
inherited from the different historical-philosophical cultures on the freedom/security nexus.
5) Learning skills: Having developed, in the specific historical-legal field, the skills necessary to
undertake further studies and in-depth analysis with a high degree of autonomy.

LIBERTY AND SECURITY IN HISTORICAL AND PHILOPOPHICAL PERSPECTIVESFirst Semester6IUS/19ENG

Learning objectives

1) Knowledge and understanding: with the support of advanced textbooks and material
distributed and analysed during lessons, gain knowledge of some of the most significant
historical and philosophical turning points impacting the freedom/security nexus.
2) Applied knowledge and understanding: devise and support arguments on the main
historical and philosophical developments of the freedom/security dichotomy between the
Middle Ages and Modernity in Europe and America.
3) Making judgment: collect and interpret relevant data on the different cultures of freedom
that each historical context examined has developed over time in relation to the needs of
individual and collective security, with particular attention to the legal specificity underlying each
of these cultures.
4) Communication skills: communicating information, ideas, doubts, problems, and possible
solutions to the numerous challenges and unknowns that our globalized and digitized present has
inherited from the different historical-philosophical cultures on the freedom/security nexus.
5) Learning skills: Having developed, in the specific historical-legal field, the skills necessary to
undertake further studies and in-depth analysis with a high degree of autonomy.

LIBERTY AND SECURITY IN HISTORICAL AND PHILOPOPHICAL PERSPECTIVESFirst Semester3SPS/01ENG

Learning objectives

1) Knowledge and understanding: with the support of advanced textbooks and material
distributed and analysed during lessons, gain knowledge of some of the most significant
historical and philosophical turning points impacting the freedom/security nexus.
2) Applied knowledge and understanding: devise and support arguments on the main
historical and philosophical developments of the freedom/security dichotomy between the
Middle Ages and Modernity in Europe and America.
3) Making judgment: collect and interpret relevant data on the different cultures of freedom
that each historical context examined has developed over time in relation to the needs of
individual and collective security, with particular attention to the legal specificity underlying each
of these cultures.
4) Communication skills: communicating information, ideas, doubts, problems, and possible
solutions to the numerous challenges and unknowns that our globalized and digitized present has
inherited from the different historical-philosophical cultures on the freedom/security nexus.
5) Learning skills: Having developed, in the specific historical-legal field, the skills necessary to
undertake further studies and in-depth analysis with a high degree of autonomy.

ONE SUBJECT OF YOUR CHOICE FROM: SUSTAINABILITY AND GLOBAL THREATS, DIGITAL EVIDENCE AND HUMAN RIGHTS, HUMAN RIGHTS AND SECURITY IN EU CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION - -- -
SUSTAINABILITY AND GLOBAL THREATSFirst Semester3SPS/03ENG

Learning objectives

1) Knowledge and understanding: with the support of advanced textbooks and material
distributed and analysed during lessons, gain knowledge of some of the most significant
historical and philosophical turning points impacting the freedom/security nexus.
2) Applied knowledge and understanding: devise and support arguments on the main
historical and philosophical developments of the freedom/security dichotomy between the
Middle Ages and Modernity in Europe and America.
3) Making judgment: collect and interpret relevant data on the different cultures of freedom
that each historical context examined has developed over time in relation to the needs of
individual and collective security, with particular attention to the legal specificity underlying each
of these cultures.
4) Communication skills: communicating information, ideas, doubts, problems, and possible
solutions to the numerous challenges and unknowns that our globalized and digitized present has
inherited from the different historical-philosophical cultures on the freedom/security nexus.
5) Learning skills: Having developed, in the specific historical-legal field, the skills necessary to
undertake further studies and in-depth analysis with a high degree of autonomy.

DIGITAL EVIDENCE AND HUMAN RIGHTSFirst Semester6IUS/15ENG

Learning objectives

The course focuses on the aspects of digital evidence that may be incompatible with individual human rights guarantees (in both the domestic, and EU law, and not EU law), such as privacy and social relationships, focusing on civil procedural law. The course further aims at providing practical knowledge for the acquisition of digital evidence in compliance with human rights.

Knowledge and Understanding
At the end of the course students are expected to have acquired full knowledge and understanding of the framework of issues relating to digital evidence and their interaction with individual human rights guarantees, at the different legal system in which their protection is articulated.

Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course students are expected on one side to have acquired the skills to interpret the digital evidence law sources and to make links between the relevant institutions and on the other side to have acquired the understanding of the doctrinal and jurisprudential opinions on the main issues in digital evidence. With reference to this learning objective, supplementary didactics and directed studies will be provided.

Making judgements
At the end of the course students are expected to have acquired both skills of making judgements about the application of the main procedural and substantive institutions involved in the taking of evidence, in the different legal systems analysed. With reference to this learning objective, supplementary didactics and directed study will be provided.

Communication skills
At the end of the course students are expected to be able to communicate the acquired knowledges using the specific language so as to be understood also by specialized counterparties and consultants.

Learning skills
At the end of the course students are expected to be able to carry on with digital evidence studies and to orientate themselves also dealing with the changing of civil procedure rules.

HUMAN RIGHTS AND SECURITY IN EU CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONSFirst Semester6IUS/16ENG

Learning objectives

The course offers an overview of the development of the European Area of Freedom, Security and Justice, discussing its fundamental principles. Particular attention will be devoted to the study of European sources safeguarding human rights in criminal proceedings.
The interplay and conflict between human rights and security, particularly at the investigative stage, will emerge through the direct analysis of concrete cases and the study of the main issues underlying the EU Directives on procedural safeguards in criminal proceedings.
1. Knowledge and understanding
By the end of the course, students will have gained an in-depth understanding of the development of the European Area of Freedom, Security and Justice, with particular focus on its fundamental principles and on the role of European sources in safeguarding human rights in criminal proceedings. They will also understand the functioning and powers of the main European Courts, as well as the interactions between the European Union and the Council of Europe systems.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
Students will be able to apply the acquired knowledge to the analysis of concrete cases in European criminal law, assessing the practical implications of EU Directives on procedural rights and of key decisions of the Court of Justice of the European Union and the European Court of Human Rights. Through group work and presentations, they will develop the ability to interpret legal norms and judgments in complex contexts, identifying reasoned and coherent solutions.
3. Making judgments
The course will foster critical thinking and independent judgment in analyzing the interplay between human rights and security, especially during the investigative stage of criminal proceedings. Students will be encouraged to formulate independent evaluations on the effectiveness and limitations of fundamental rights protection within the European multilevel system.
4. Communication Skills
Through oral presentations and case discussions, students will develop advanced legal communication skills, learning to present and defend complex legal arguments clearly, rigorously, and coherently.
5. Learning skills
Students will acquire methodological tools for the independent analysis of European and international legal texts, developing the ability to keep up to date with the evolution of European criminal law case-law and legislation. The preparation of a final glossary of key terms will help consolidate an appropriate legal vocabulary.

121171 - THE GLOBAL GOVERNANCE OF INTERNATIONAL SECURITY

Second Semester 9IUS/13ENG

Learning objectives

The course aims to provide students with in-depth knowledge of global governance of
international security. The first part of the course focuses on international legal norms in the
field of security, in particular those relating to the use of force, the role of international organizations
in the field of security, the regulation of armed conflicts, and
international criminal responsibility. The second part of the course involves the application of the rules studied to concrete cases with the active involvement of students.

D1 - Knowledge and understanding
The course aims to provide students with knowledge and understanding of the following
issues:
1. The relevance of international law in the regulation of international security
2. Developments relating to the concept of security in international law and their legal effects
3. The role of international organizations in ensuring international security
4. The new role of international courts and tribunals in the field of security

D2 - Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, students should be able to:
1. find judgments of the International Court of Justice, the International Criminal Court, the
European Court of Human Rights, analyze them, and interpret them by correctly identifying their rationale;
2. find and analyze, including critically, a judicial decision of the International Court of Justice, the International Criminal Court, and the European Court of Human Rights.

D3 - Making judgments
At the end of the course, students should be able to resolve concrete cases in light of the legal concepts learned and to interpret current events in light of international law

121182 - CRIMINAL LAW AND GLOBAL THREATS

Second Semester 9IUS/17ENG

Learning objectives

D1 – Knowledge and Understanding:
The course aims to provide students with an in-depth understanding of the criminal law
responses to the challenges posed by crime in the global context, with particular attention
to international crimes and transnational criminal phenomena. Focusing on current issues
under debate and drawing on relevant case law, the course seeks to develop students’
capacity for comprehension and critical analysis of the strategies of prevention and
repression adopted at the national, supranational, and international levels, assessing their
evolution and consistency with the fundamental principles of criminal law.
D2 – Applied knowledge and understanding:
By the end of the course, students will be able to apply their acquired knowledge critically
to analyze the main forms of international and transnational criminality, identifying the most
appropriate legal instruments and counter-strategies for different contexts. They will be
able to interpret and assess the criminal law responses adopted, linking theoretical
aspects to practical cases and developing sound legal reasoning and problem-solving
skills consistent with the fundamental principles of criminal law.
D3 - Autonomy of judgement:
The course adopts a seminar-based and highly interactive approach aimed at promoting
active participation and critical engagement. The analysis of case studies and judicial
decisions will be used to encourage both individual and collective reflection. By the end of
the course, students will be able to independently re-elaborate the acquired knowledge,
demonstrating the ability to critically assess the various aspects of the discipline and to
formulate well-founded and coherent legal judgments.
D4 - Communication skills
Upon completion of the course, students will have acquired proficiency in the technical and
legal language of criminal law, with particular reference to its international and
transnational dimensions. They will be able to present their knowledge and analyses
clearly and coherently, both in written and oral form, and to engage effectively in academic
discussion. The dialogical and participatory teaching approach will foster the development
of effective communication skills suitable for both academic and professional contexts.
D5 – Ability to learn:
The course aims to foster the development of a learning method based on critical
understanding of legal phenomena and autonomous elaboration of knowledge. By the end
of the course, students should be able to address complex issues of international and
transnational criminal law in a structured and informed manner, demonstrating the ability to
synthesize information, pursue continuous self-directed learning, and formulate logically
and legally sound solutions.

RELATED OR SUPPLEMENTARY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES FOR A TOTAL OF 8 CFU - -- -
STAGEFirst Semester8eng
SUMMER TRAINING SCHOOLFirst Semester8eng
ERASMUS TRAINEESHIPFirst Semester8ENG
119161 - LANGUAGE ABILITY

Second Semester 8eng
121269 - CONFERENCES AND SEMINARS

Second Semester 4ENG
SUBJECTSEMESTERCFUSSDLANGUAGE
121267 - HUMAN MOBILITY AND THE EUROPEAN BORDER REGIME

First Semester 9IUS/14ENG

Learning objectives

The course aims to illustrate and analyse the legal framework of different forms of human mobility in and towards the European Union by adopting a relational approach to the interplay between the legal status of third-country nationals (TCNs) within the Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ) and the regulation related to the management of the EU's internal/external borders. The implications from the perspective of rights holders, including their fundamental rights, will be assessed and discussed.
D2 - Applied knowledge and understanding By linking the treatment of aliens within the AFSJ and the integrated management of the EU and Member States' borders, students will acquire concrete knowledge and practical understanding of how the latter affects the fragmentation of the legal status of TCNs within the former, and will
reconstruct a taxonomy of migratory conditions, ranging from the genuine mobility status enjoyed by EU citizens and their family members to the purely non-mobile status imposed on asylum seekers.
D3 - Autonomy of judgement
The course follows a seminar methodology and is intended to be interactive. Therefore, active participation will be strongly encouraged. Examples and references to leading case law will be provided in order to stimulate debate and exchange of views among the students. At the end of the course, students will be able to rework and make the acquired notions their own, as well as to develop the aptitude for a learning method that is not mnemonic, but based on the ability to critically analyse and construct logical connections between the various aspects of the discipline.
D4 - Communication skills
At the end of the course, students will have learned the technical-legal language of European migration law and policy and its specificities, thus being able to expound the acquired knowledge in an appropriate manner. Communication skills will also be developed through the promotion of a constant dialogue between lecturer and learners, making the latter the protagonists of frontal teaching.
D5 - Ability to learn
At the end of the course, students are expected to have developed a method of learning the legal phenomena addressed and of arguing the theses set out that is suitable for understanding the complex legal issues dealt with in the course, enabling them to independently formulate legally and logically valid solutions.

121250 - THE EXTERNAL DIMENSION OF EU MIGRATION AND ASYLUM POLICIES

First Semester 6IUS/14ENG

Learning objectives

D1–Knowledge and understanding
Students will acquire an in-depth understanding of the external dimension of EU migration and
asylum policies, including the legal framework, institutional actors and geopolitical dynamics
shaping cooperation with third countries, border control strategies and the implications for human
rights protection.

D2 – Applied knowledge and understanding
Students will be able to analyse and interpret concrete cases, international agreements, operational
programmes and policy tools (such as EU–third country partnerships and Frontex activities). They
will be able to apply theoretical concepts to real-world situations and assess the legal and political
consequences of policy choices.
D3 – Autonomy of judgement
Students will develop the ability to formulate critical and independent evaluations on EU migration
governance, recognising tensions between security-driven approaches, fundamental rights and
international obligations.
D4 – Communication skills
Students will be able to present and discuss complex topics clearly and coherently, both orally and in
writing, using appropriate terminology and argumentative structure suitable for academic and
institutional contexts.
D5 – Ability to learn
Students will strengthen their capacity for independent research and continuous learning, identifying
and using normative sources, institutional documents, data and academic literature to critically
monitor and interpret the evolving dynamics of EU migration and asylum policies.

ELECTIVE COURSES - -- -
ELECTIVE COURSESSecond Semester6eng
ELECTIVE COURSESSecond Semester12eng
ELECTIVE COURSESSecond Semester6eng
121233 - FINAL EXAM

Second Semester 10ENG
ONE SUBJECT OF YOUR CHOICE FROM: BORDERS OF SOCIAL LABOUR RIGHTS IN EUROPE, MIGRATION AND INTEGRATION POLICIES IN POST - WAR EUROPE, HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF CITIZENSHIP - -- -
BORDERS OF SOCIAL AND LABOUR RIGHTS IN EUROPESecond Semester6IUS/07ENG

Learning objectives

The course aims to provide students with the basics of social rights and workers' rights in the European Union. Particular attention will be dedicated to general principles and second-level legislation.
At the end of the course, students will therefore be required to demonstrate that they have:
• Knowledge and understanding: a good knowledge of the topics covered during the course and sufficient mastery of the European regulatory sources governing the subject.
• Ability to apply knowledge and understanding: students must be able to rework the topics covered during the course in order to apply the knowledge acquired to identify possible solutions to problems arising from the rapid evolution of European labor law.
• Independent judgment: students must be able to evaluate practical cases in order to integrate the knowledge acquired and formulate judgments.
• Communication skills: students must be able to clearly explain the concepts learned and must be able to use the technical language of the subject correctly.
• Learning skills: students must demonstrate that they have developed learning skills that enable them to keep up to date through the study of European case law.

MIGRATION AND INTEGRATION POLICIES IN POST - WAR EUROPESecond Semester6M-STO/04ENG
HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF CITIZENSHIPSecond Semester3IUS/19ENG

Learning objectives

D1 - Knowledge and understanding
The main learning objective is to provide students, through a critical approach, with the acquisition of a sound knowledge of the most relevant topics, categories and authors of legal philosophy relating to citizenship. Through the knowledge acquired, students will be able to develop a specific sensitiveness to the interpretation of “citizenship” within legal philosophy, bearing in mind both fundamental legal notions and its development in relation to subjects and contexts
D2 - Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, students will be able to interpret the main theories of citizenship and apply them to contemporary cases in a variety of contexts, by understanding their implications in concrete cases from a perspective of “law in action”

D3 - Making judgements
By the end of the course, students will be able to autonomously elaborate the acquired notions, as well as to develop critical judgement skills, through the examination of key concepts of legal-philosophical reflection related to citizenship

D4 - Communication skills
By the end of the course, students will have developed terminological accuracy related to the legal and philosophical notions and the ability to communicate in English in public, in particular, having learned to present the acquired knowledge (referred to in points D1 and D2) with an appropriate language. By learning the notions of theoretical and legal-philosophical language, students will be able to communicate content of specific meaning in the legal field
D5 - Learning skills
By the end of the course, students will have acquired the ability to develop arguments suitable for supporting theses on the topics covered within the course and to acquire the proper instruments for an autonomous and adequate updating

121173 - HISTORY OF FOREIGN POLITICS AND EUROPEAN SECURITY

Second Semester 6SPS/06ENG
121251 - EU ASYLUM LAW: IMPLEMENTATION CHALLENGES

Second Semester 6IUS/10ENG

Learning objectives

The course aims to provide students with advanced knowledge of the purposes (why), responsibilities (who), and methods (how) of protecting asylum seekers in the European Union. The course takes into account international and European standards, with a predominant focus on the Common European Asylum System (CEAS).
At the end of the course, students will be required to demonstrate:
• Knowledge and understanding: a good knowledge of the topics covered during the course and sufficient mastery of the European regulatory sources governing the subject.
• Ability to apply knowledge and understanding: students must be able to rework the topics covered during the course in order to apply the knowledge acquired to identify possible solutions to the problems arising from the rapid evolution of European asylum law.
• Independent judgment: students must be able to evaluate practical cases in order to integrate the knowledge acquired and formulate judgments.
• Communication skills: students must clearly explain the concepts learned and be able to correctly use the technical language of the subject.
• Learning skills: students must demonstrate that they have developed learning skills that enable them to continuously update their knowledge through the study of European case law.

Learning objectives

1) Knowledge and understanding: with the support of advanced textbooks and material
distributed and analysed during lessons, gain knowledge of some of the most significant
historical and philosophical turning points impacting the freedom/security nexus.
2) Applied knowledge and understanding: devise and support arguments on the main
historical and philosophical developments of the freedom/security dichotomy between the
Middle Ages and Modernity in Europe and America.
3) Making judgment: collect and interpret relevant data on the different cultures of freedom
that each historical context examined has developed over time in relation to the needs of
individual and collective security, with particular attention to the legal specificity underlying each
of these cultures.
4) Communication skills: communicating information, ideas, doubts, problems, and possible
solutions to the numerous challenges and unknowns that our globalized and digitized present has
inherited from the different historical-philosophical cultures on the freedom/security nexus.
5) Learning skills: Having developed, in the specific historical-legal field, the skills necessary to
undertake further studies and in-depth analysis with a high degree of autonomy.

Learning objectives

1) Knowledge and understanding: with the support of advanced textbooks and material
distributed and analysed during lessons, gain knowledge of some of the most significant
historical and philosophical turning points impacting the freedom/security nexus.
2) Applied knowledge and understanding: devise and support arguments on the main
historical and philosophical developments of the freedom/security dichotomy between the
Middle Ages and Modernity in Europe and America.
3) Making judgment: collect and interpret relevant data on the different cultures of freedom
that each historical context examined has developed over time in relation to the needs of
individual and collective security, with particular attention to the legal specificity underlying each
of these cultures.
4) Communication skills: communicating information, ideas, doubts, problems, and possible
solutions to the numerous challenges and unknowns that our globalized and digitized present has
inherited from the different historical-philosophical cultures on the freedom/security nexus.
5) Learning skills: Having developed, in the specific historical-legal field, the skills necessary to
undertake further studies and in-depth analysis with a high degree of autonomy.

Learning objectives

1) Knowledge and understanding: with the support of advanced textbooks and material
distributed and analysed during lessons, gain knowledge of some of the most significant
historical and philosophical turning points impacting the freedom/security nexus.
2) Applied knowledge and understanding: devise and support arguments on the main
historical and philosophical developments of the freedom/security dichotomy between the
Middle Ages and Modernity in Europe and America.
3) Making judgment: collect and interpret relevant data on the different cultures of freedom
that each historical context examined has developed over time in relation to the needs of
individual and collective security, with particular attention to the legal specificity underlying each
of these cultures.
4) Communication skills: communicating information, ideas, doubts, problems, and possible
solutions to the numerous challenges and unknowns that our globalized and digitized present has
inherited from the different historical-philosophical cultures on the freedom/security nexus.
5) Learning skills: Having developed, in the specific historical-legal field, the skills necessary to
undertake further studies and in-depth analysis with a high degree of autonomy.

Learning objectives

The course focuses on the aspects of digital evidence that may be incompatible with individual human rights guarantees (in both the domestic, and EU law, and not EU law), such as privacy and social relationships, focusing on civil procedural law. The course further aims at providing practical knowledge for the acquisition of digital evidence in compliance with human rights.

Knowledge and Understanding
At the end of the course students are expected to have acquired full knowledge and understanding of the framework of issues relating to digital evidence and their interaction with individual human rights guarantees, at the different legal system in which their protection is articulated.

Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course students are expected on one side to have acquired the skills to interpret the digital evidence law sources and to make links between the relevant institutions and on the other side to have acquired the understanding of the doctrinal and jurisprudential opinions on the main issues in digital evidence. With reference to this learning objective, supplementary didactics and directed studies will be provided.

Making judgements
At the end of the course students are expected to have acquired both skills of making judgements about the application of the main procedural and substantive institutions involved in the taking of evidence, in the different legal systems analysed. With reference to this learning objective, supplementary didactics and directed study will be provided.

Communication skills
At the end of the course students are expected to be able to communicate the acquired knowledges using the specific language so as to be understood also by specialized counterparties and consultants.

Learning skills
At the end of the course students are expected to be able to carry on with digital evidence studies and to orientate themselves also dealing with the changing of civil procedure rules.

Learning objectives

The course offers an overview of the development of the European Area of Freedom, Security and Justice, discussing its fundamental principles. Particular attention will be devoted to the study of European sources safeguarding human rights in criminal proceedings.
The interplay and conflict between human rights and security, particularly at the investigative stage, will emerge through the direct analysis of concrete cases and the study of the main issues underlying the EU Directives on procedural safeguards in criminal proceedings.
1. Knowledge and understanding
By the end of the course, students will have gained an in-depth understanding of the development of the European Area of Freedom, Security and Justice, with particular focus on its fundamental principles and on the role of European sources in safeguarding human rights in criminal proceedings. They will also understand the functioning and powers of the main European Courts, as well as the interactions between the European Union and the Council of Europe systems.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
Students will be able to apply the acquired knowledge to the analysis of concrete cases in European criminal law, assessing the practical implications of EU Directives on procedural rights and of key decisions of the Court of Justice of the European Union and the European Court of Human Rights. Through group work and presentations, they will develop the ability to interpret legal norms and judgments in complex contexts, identifying reasoned and coherent solutions.
3. Making judgments
The course will foster critical thinking and independent judgment in analyzing the interplay between human rights and security, especially during the investigative stage of criminal proceedings. Students will be encouraged to formulate independent evaluations on the effectiveness and limitations of fundamental rights protection within the European multilevel system.
4. Communication Skills
Through oral presentations and case discussions, students will develop advanced legal communication skills, learning to present and defend complex legal arguments clearly, rigorously, and coherently.
5. Learning skills
Students will acquire methodological tools for the independent analysis of European and international legal texts, developing the ability to keep up to date with the evolution of European criminal law case-law and legislation. The preparation of a final glossary of key terms will help consolidate an appropriate legal vocabulary.

Learning objectives

The course aims to provide students with the basics of social rights and workers' rights in the European Union. Particular attention will be dedicated to general principles and second-level legislation.
At the end of the course, students will therefore be required to demonstrate that they have:
• Knowledge and understanding: a good knowledge of the topics covered during the course and sufficient mastery of the European regulatory sources governing the subject.
• Ability to apply knowledge and understanding: students must be able to rework the topics covered during the course in order to apply the knowledge acquired to identify possible solutions to problems arising from the rapid evolution of European labor law.
• Independent judgment: students must be able to evaluate practical cases in order to integrate the knowledge acquired and formulate judgments.
• Communication skills: students must be able to clearly explain the concepts learned and must be able to use the technical language of the subject correctly.
• Learning skills: students must demonstrate that they have developed learning skills that enable them to keep up to date through the study of European case law.

Learning objectives

D1 - Knowledge and understanding
The main learning objective is to provide students, through a critical approach, with the acquisition of a sound knowledge of the most relevant topics, categories and authors of legal philosophy relating to citizenship. Through the knowledge acquired, students will be able to develop a specific sensitiveness to the interpretation of “citizenship” within legal philosophy, bearing in mind both fundamental legal notions and its development in relation to subjects and contexts
D2 - Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, students will be able to interpret the main theories of citizenship and apply them to contemporary cases in a variety of contexts, by understanding their implications in concrete cases from a perspective of “law in action”

D3 - Making judgements
By the end of the course, students will be able to autonomously elaborate the acquired notions, as well as to develop critical judgement skills, through the examination of key concepts of legal-philosophical reflection related to citizenship

D4 - Communication skills
By the end of the course, students will have developed terminological accuracy related to the legal and philosophical notions and the ability to communicate in English in public, in particular, having learned to present the acquired knowledge (referred to in points D1 and D2) with an appropriate language. By learning the notions of theoretical and legal-philosophical language, students will be able to communicate content of specific meaning in the legal field
D5 - Learning skills
By the end of the course, students will have acquired the ability to develop arguments suitable for supporting theses on the topics covered within the course and to acquire the proper instruments for an autonomous and adequate updating

Learning objectives

D1 - Knowledge and understanding
The main learning objective is to provide students, through a critical approach, with the acquisition of a sound knowledge of the most relevant topics, categories and authors of legal philosophy relating to citizenship. Through the knowledge acquired, students will be able to develop a specific sensitiveness to the interpretation of “citizenship” within legal philosophy, bearing in mind both fundamental legal notions and its development in relation to subjects and contexts
D2 - Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, students will be able to interpret the main theories of citizenship and apply them to contemporary cases in a variety of contexts, by understanding their implications in concrete cases from a perspective of “law in action”

D3 - Making judgements
By the end of the course, students will be able to autonomously elaborate the acquired notions, as well as to develop critical judgement skills, through the examination of key concepts of legal-philosophical reflection related to citizenship

D4 - Communication skills
By the end of the course, students will have developed terminological accuracy related to the legal and philosophical notions and the ability to communicate in English in public, in particular, having learned to present the acquired knowledge (referred to in points D1 and D2) with an appropriate language. By learning the notions of theoretical and legal-philosophical language, students will be able to communicate content of specific meaning in the legal field
D5 - Learning skills
By the end of the course, students will have acquired the ability to develop arguments suitable for supporting theses on the topics covered within the course and to acquire the proper instruments for an autonomous and adequate updating

Learning objectives

D1 - Knowledge and understanding
The main learning objective is to provide students, through a critical approach, with the acquisition of a sound knowledge of the most relevant topics, categories and authors of legal philosophy relating to citizenship. Through the knowledge acquired, students will be able to develop a specific sensitiveness to the interpretation of “citizenship” within legal philosophy, bearing in mind both fundamental legal notions and its development in relation to subjects and contexts
D2 - Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course, students will be able to interpret the main theories of citizenship and apply them to contemporary cases in a variety of contexts, by understanding their implications in concrete cases from a perspective of “law in action”

D3 - Making judgements
By the end of the course, students will be able to autonomously elaborate the acquired notions, as well as to develop critical judgement skills, through the examination of key concepts of legal-philosophical reflection related to citizenship

D4 - Communication skills
By the end of the course, students will have developed terminological accuracy related to the legal and philosophical notions and the ability to communicate in English in public, in particular, having learned to present the acquired knowledge (referred to in points D1 and D2) with an appropriate language. By learning the notions of theoretical and legal-philosophical language, students will be able to communicate content of specific meaning in the legal field
D5 - Learning skills
By the end of the course, students will have acquired the ability to develop arguments suitable for supporting theses on the topics covered within the course and to acquire the proper instruments for an autonomous and adequate updating

CHOICE GROUPSYEAR/SEMESTERCFUSSDLANGUAGE
ONE SUBJECT OF YOUR CHOICE FROM: SUSTAINABILITY AND GLOBAL THREATS, DIGITAL EVIDENCE AND HUMAN RIGHTS, HUMAN RIGHTS AND SECURITY IN EU CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION -6 - -
121183 - SUSTAINABILITY AND GLOBAL THREATS - 6--
121183_1 - SUSTAINABILITY AND GLOBAL THREATSFirst Year / Second Semester3SPS/03ENG
121183_2 - SUSTAINABILITY AND GLOBAL THREATSFirst Year / Second Semester3AGR/06ENG
121184 - DIGITAL EVIDENCE AND HUMAN RIGHTSFirst Year / Second Semester 6IUS/15ENG
121185 - HUMAN RIGHTS AND SECURITY IN EU CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONSFirst Year / Second Semester 6IUS/16ENG
RELATED OR SUPPLEMENTARY EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES FOR A TOTAL OF 8 CFU -8 - -
119160 - STAGEFirst Year / Second Semester 8eng
119159 - SUMMER TRAINING SCHOOL First Year / Second Semester 8eng
121268 - ERASMUS TRAINEESHIPFirst Year / Second Semester 8ENG
ELECTIVE COURSES -12 - -
119164 - ELECTIVE COURSES Second Year / Second Semester 6eng
119158 - ELECTIVE COURSESSecond Year / Second Semester 12eng
119165 - ELECTIVE COURSESSecond Year / Second Semester 6eng
ONE SUBJECT OF YOUR CHOICE FROM: BORDERS OF SOCIAL LABOUR RIGHTS IN EUROPE, MIGRATION AND INTEGRATION POLICIES IN POST - WAR EUROPE, HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF CITIZENSHIP -6 - -
121247 - BORDERS OF SOCIAL AND LABOUR RIGHTS IN EUROPESecond Year / Second Semester 6IUS/07ENG
121249 - MIGRATION AND INTEGRATION POLICIES IN POST - WAR EUROPESecond Year / Second Semester 6M-STO/04ENG
121248 - HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF CITIZENSHIP - 6--
121248_1 - HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF CITIZENSHIPSecond Year / Second Semester3IUS/19ENG
121248_2 - HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY OF CITIZENSHIPSecond Year / Second Semester3IUS/20ENG
ONONE SUBJECT OF YOUR CHOICE FROM: SOCIOLOGY AND ECONOMICS OF ENVIRONMENT, BIOETHICS AI ETHICS AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY -6 - -
121230 - SOCIOLOGY AND ECONOMICS OF ENVIRONMENTSecond Year / Second Semester 6SPS/07ENG
121231 - BIOETHICS, AI ETHICS, AND ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITYSecond Year / Second Semester 6AGR/06ENG