Biotechnologies - General Info

SUBJECT	SEMESTER	CFU	SSD
14962 - MATHEMATICS AND PRINCIPLES OF STATISTICS	First Semester	7	MAT/05	Learning objectives The course of "Mathematics and principles of statistics" aims at providing students with the basic tools of mathematical analysis and statistics in order to be able to study, analyze and discuss real situations and phenomena through the use of mathematical models and statistical tools. With specific reference to the Dublin Descriptors, the learning objectives are set out as follows: Knowledge understanding : at the end of the course, students will acquire specific knowledge on the methodologies of mathematical and statistical analysis to read, describe, specify and interpret a real phenomenon through technical tools of mathematical and statistical nature. With reference to the topics of mathematical analysis, students will develop methodological knowledge and will be provided with the basic tools to study linear and transcendental functions both through the study of limits and of differential calculus; they will also be able to elaborate real problems through the use of linear algebra and matrix calculus. As far as the notions of statistics are concerned, the aim of the course is to provide students with the methodological knowledge and the ability to use methods and tools for: a) the descriptive analysis of data; b) the introduction to the study of phenomena under conditions of uncertainty, through the notions of probability theory and random variables; c) the study of relationships between variables both from a descriptive point of view and an introduction to modelling through linear functions. Applying knowledge and understanding: at the end of the course, students will have acquired methodological knowledge and analytical skills and will be able to autonomously interpret analyses and empirical researches on the most relevant areas of intervention, also applied, relevant and related to the degree course. Students will be able to: i) evaluate the results of empirical analyses; consider the appropriateness of the mathematical and statistical methodologies used; identify any limitations of the analyses carried out and consider the use of alternative approaches;. Making judgements: the course is aimed at encouraging a critical approach to the use of different approaches, methods and techniques for mathematical-statistical modelling and data analysis for the interpretation of phenomena applied in the fields of interest of the degree course. Students: i) will develop critical skills on the use of various methods in relation to the analysis objectives of the phenomenon under study; ii) will be able to evaluate the contribution of a specific mathematical and data analysis methodology to the study of real phenomena, including complex ones; iii) will develop the ability to coherently integrate the contribution provided by quantitative analysis methods with the student's interdisciplinary skills. Communication skills: students will have developed specific skills to communicate unambiguously and clearly the analysis scheme adopted for the empirical study and to model, through mathematical analysis and statistics, real phenomena. The ability to communicate effectively will also be validated through the verification of logical-argumentative and synthesis skills. Learning skills: the teaching methodologies used during the course and the use of learning verification methods focused on the study of real functions and analysis of problems based on the study of empirical distributions will contribute to strengthen the students' ability of autonomy of judgement and the development of self-learning skills.
16173 - ANIMAL BIOLOGY	First Semester	8	BIO/05	Learning objectives The main aim of the course is to provide all the basics for understanding the correlation between morphology, anatomy and function of organs and systems in invertebrate and vertebrate taxa. The main knowledge to be acquired will concern: - basic elements of taxonomy and classification; elements of population genetics - evolutionary theories - the main adaptations of animals in relation to the living environment - the systematics of the most important animal phyla. The main skills (i.e. the ability to use the acquired knowledge) will be: 1) the use of the optical microscope for the systematic classification of the main invertebrate groups, as well as the systematic evaluation of whole animal preparations under formaldehyde and the anatomical reconstruction of animals through plastic models; 2) Link the differences of the anatomo-physiological organization of animals to the different ecological niches they occupy. EXPECTED LEARNING RESULTS In the evaluation of the student, the level of knowledge of the topics covered, the ability to analyze and to apply the acquired knowledge as well as the autonomy of judgment will be taken into account. The capacity for synthesis, mastery of expression and communication and the ability to make connections within the discipline or interdisciplinary will be also considered.
119537 - PLANT BIOLOGY AND PRINCIPLES OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY	First Semester	8	BIO/01	Learning objectives The objective of this course is to develop knowledge and skills in understanding plant cytology, anatomy and morphology. This knowledge and skills will be applied in understanding the functioning mechanism of plant organisms in terms of photosynthetic activity, water transport and reproductive processes.In addition, the student will develop skills in learning about the plant world that will then be useful in the continuation of his or her course of study.In educational terms, the student will be stimulated in the learning process and will develop independent assessment, judgment and communication skills. The objective of the principles of plant biotechnology is to develop knowledge and understanding of the basics of biotechnology applied to the plant. This applying knowledge will be a tool for understanding the role of the plant world to the transformation and obtaining of functional products. Making judgments and learning skills will be the ultimate goal of the course, the students will also enable them to develop the communication skills necessary for further education.
14963 - GENERAL AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY	Second Semester	8	CHIM/03	Learning objectives This teaching aims to provide students with general concepts relating to the chemical aspects of catalysis and its applications in the biological and biotechnological fields. Starting from the fundamental aspects of chemical kinetics, a path will be developed which will ultimately enable the student to discuss the reaction mechanism of some processes of biotechnological interest, identifying their possible catalytic nature and critically discussing the various phases and possible industrial applications. Knowledge and understanding: acquisition by the student of specific contents relating to: i) general principles of chemical kinetics and catalysis; ii) identification of catalytic processes of biotechnological interest, with detailed description of the various phases; iii) placement of the systems studied in the more general context of catalysis and industrial biocatalysis. 2) Ability to apply knowledge and understanding: the student's ability to analyze, in the light of the knowledge acquired, the possible interest, even on a large scale, of a catalytic process, both natural and summary, critically examining the various phases and any application objectives. 3) Making judgments; the teaching will provide the student with the ability to work independently in judgment, also through critical consultation and comparison of teaching materials of various types. In any case, the ability of the individual to interact critically with the other components of a homogeneous class will be developed, stimulating in particular the interaction between the components of the same. 4) Communication skills: the student who attends the course will be continuously asked to illustrate, also through audiovisual techniques, the progress made in the study of the discipline and in the learning of the presented concepts. The teacher will also stimulate the discussion also through an exchange of opinions between the attending students, who will thus become an active part in the process of communication and elaboration of the individual. 5) Ability to learn (learning skills): it will be constantly stimulated also through the administration of tests and exercises to be performed autonomously, with the aim of restoring the results and comparing them with those obtained by students attending the same class. Class exercises and simulations of the final test will also be carried out.
15038 - ENGLISH LANGUAGE	Second Semester	6	L-LIN/12	Learning objectives "BIOTECHNOLOGY- Level B1 DIBAF" 2021-22 Overall teaching goals The course aims to enable students to read and understand effectively texts in English, such as short scientific and/or informative articles, book chapters, etc.. The secondary objective is to develop the ability to listen to short audio/video texts on the same topics. Moreover, the overall goals include: i. Stylistic and linguistic analysis of the text; ii. Vocabulary practice to build learners' knowledge of high-frequency words and phrases as well as common lexical sets, in order to prepare students to pass the final exam 1) knowledge and understanding Students must prove to have acquired knowledge and comprehension of language content at a level of competence equivalent to B1-B1+. 2) Use of knowledge and learning skills Students must prove to be able to use the knowledge and the learning skills developed during the course by passing the final exam. 3) Independent judgement Students will have to show that they are able to analyse the teaching material available in a critical and independent way, and to further practise the language with self-study activities, working independently. 4) Communication skills Even though the overall goals mainly focus on developing reading comprehension skills, during the course students will have to show that they have achieved a sufficient level of oral communication skills in English. 5) Learning abilities Students will have to demonstrate to have developed a range of study skills in the subject area (in terms of reading comprehension) equivalent to B1-B1+.
15613 - EUROPEAN LAW OF BIOTECHNOLOGY	Second Semester	6	IUS/14	Learning objectives 1) applying knowledge and 2) understanding 3) knowledge and understanding 4) making judgements 5) learning skills
18424 - PHYSICS	Second Semester	7	FIS/07	Learning objectives Knowledge and understanding: By the end of the course, students should demonstrate: • Knowledge of the fundamental principles of classical (mechanics, thermodynamics, electromagnetism) and modern physics, with a focus on phenomena relevant to biological systems. • The ability to understand how physical laws apply to biochemical and biological processes. Applied knowledge and understanding: Students should be able to: • Apply physical concepts to solve quantitative problems related to biological and biotechnological phenomena. • Use mathematical tools and physical models to analyze experimental data. • Interpret the functionality of biotechnological technologies based on physical principles, such as spectroscopy, microscopy, and magnetic resonance. Independent judgment: Be capable of: • Critically assessing the applicability of physical principles to biotechnological problems. • Analyzing experimental data and drawing evidence-based conclusions. Communication skills: Students should have developed the ability to: • Clearly and rigorously communicate physical concepts and results, using appropriate technical language. • Collaborate effectively in interdisciplinary contexts to address complex problems. Learning skills: • Be capable of independently learning new physical concepts and methodologies, continuously updating their knowledge to keep pace with advancements in biotechnology.
15790 - STAGE	Second Semester	8

SUBJECT	SEMESTER	CFU	SSD
13719 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY	First Semester	7	CHIM/06	Learning objectives EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES The course introduces the concepts and the experimental approaches of organic chemistry, working on the consolidation of principles acquired in the field of physics and general and inorganic chemistry to advance the knowledge of carbon chemistry. In the first part of the course, the cultural and practical bases for understanding the structure of organic molecules will be provided, paying particular attention to the existing relationships between the chemical structure and the chemical-physical and biological properties associated with them. The different physical hybridization states of the carbon will allow the three-dimensional vision of the molecules, facilitating the understanding of their role in the cell. The second part of the course is dedicated to the application of properties in the context of chemical reactivity. The student will have the opportunity to have answers to some of the key questions in his study: why do molecules react? What are the experimental factors that control the kinetics of the reactions? When is a reaction under thermodynamic control rather than kinetic? How is it possible to synthesize complex molecules from simple reagents? What is the impact of organic chemistry on the environment and how can it be reduced? This knowledge will allow the student to undertake subsequent study courses with strong structural and molecular expertise. EXPECTED LEARNING RESULTS Knowledge of the principles governing the formation of the chemical bond, using traditional theories (valence bond theory) and advanced theories (theory of molecular orbital and quantum mechanics ). Knowledge of nomenclature and classification (theory of functional groups) of organic molecules, with particular attention to the association between the family of organic molecules and biological and chemical-physical properties. Knowledge of the reactivity of organic molecules and experimental parameters capable of controlling thermodynamics and kinetics of organic transformations. Knowledge of the relationship between organic molecules and the origin of life. In addition to the knowledge gained through the study of organic chemistry, students will be able to apply the acquired concepts for the resolution of practical exercises related to the identification and classification of substances based on Their activity on the body, the effect of chirality on pharmacological activity, the possibility of separating organic isomers and the general methodologies for their analysis and their recognition. Making judgments: The course offers links to other disciplines (Physics, General Chemistry, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Computational Chemistry and Genetics) by providing an integrated knowledge. The student's critical judgment will be stimulated by constantly referring to the reading of recent studies published in scientific journals, questioning the current issues related to some of the core concepts of the discipline. Thanks to the multi-disciplinary and interdisciplinary nature of organic chemistry, it will be also possible to link the acquired concepts to other disciplines, allowing the student to form his own autonomy of judgment about the effectiveness of an integrated scientific approach. Communication skills: At the end of each part of the course, the students will be invited to form working groups to develop solutions and compete with others in solving practical exercises. The educational gain is aimed at increasing the communication skills and the ability to know how to work in a group, all aimed at consolidating the acquired concepts. Learning Skills: Students' learning abilities will be evaluated during the course of the course by exonerary tests that will allow you to individually monitor the maturation state of the knowledge, highlighting the student's ability to return.
118978 - GENETICS	First Semester	9	BIO/18	Learning objectives The purpose of this course is to provide students with the necessary information to understand the theoretical foundations of classical and molecular genetics and the experimental approaches that have allowed its definition. Students will be expected to learn the logic of formal genetic analysis and the methodologies of genetic dissection of biological phenomena. Concepts for understanding the paradigm shift that has occurred in the post-genomic era will be provided, and an understanding of the importance of both eukaryotic and prokaryotic model systems will be stimulated. The course is intended to provide the basis for further in-depth study in all areas of genetics. EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES 1) Knowledge and understanding: At the end of the training activities, students will be able to manage in a project-oriented way the complementary methods derived from the knowledge of recombinant DNA techniques. 2) Ability to apply knowledge and understanding : Students will be stimulated to select the most appropriate and relevant methodological/experimental approaches to achieve specific objectives (e.g. biotechnological production of drugs, recombinant proteins, etc.). 3) Making judgements: The teaching will provide the student with the ability to work independently by providing appropriate types of teaching materials (lectures in the form of presentations, specific monographs, relevant scientific literature, computer platforms) and the performance of congruent laboratory activities synchronized with the theoretical part of the course. 4) Communication skills: students will be encouraged to actively participate in the lessons and will be stimulated to design and solve specific scenarios related to the different evolutionary phases of the course. 5) Learning skills: The students' learning skills will be assessed in itinere and verified through the individual ability to solve relevant and specific scenarios of interest, different from those envisaged during the course.
120427 - MICROBIOLOGY AND PRINCIPLES OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY	First Semester	9	BIO/19	Learning objectives 1) applying knowledge and 2) understanding 3) knowledge and understanding 4) making judgements 5) learning skills
119530 - BIOINFORMATICS FOR GENOMICS	Second Semester	6	AGR/17	Learning objectives The aim of the course is to provide the student with the bioinformatics tools for the study of the genome Furthermore, programming languages, molecular biology techniques and technologies, analysis programs and computer resources will be considered as part of the course EXPECTED RESULTS KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: At the end of the course, students will have to demonstrate that they have acquired the knowledge of: - Nucleotide sequencing technologies; - Programming languages and programs for data analysis; - To access databases and databases; - To know the main algorithms used in the field of genomics. APPLIED KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: At the end of the course, the student will be able to understand how data analysis through the most widely used bioinformatics tools facilitates the understanding of complex biological processes. The use of programming languages facilitates and capables these analyses. AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT: The course will give the student the ability to autonomously judge data and situations, and the ability to solve problems related to different biological contexts, using different bioinformatics tools. COMMUNICATION SKILLS: During the course, the skills and information will be provided to communicate correctly and to interact constructively with all the actors belonging to the bioinformatics sector, both in the context of university research and in the work context. LEARNING SKILLS: The course will give the ability to deepen, update and expand the student's knowledge related to bioinformatics
119576 - BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY	Second Semester	9	BIO/10	Learning objectives The course will be focused on the relation between structure and function of different biomolecules (amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids) and on their behaviour in an aqueous environment. Moreover, the fundamental aspects of the enzyme kinetic and of the cellular metabolism will be discussed. The main objective to be reached are: 1. knowledge and understanding of general informations on the chemical and biological aspects related to amino acids, peptides and proteins; 2. applying knowledge and understanding of different biological phenomenoms like the protein denaturation and folding; 3. to understand the behaviour of allosteric enzymes; 4. to acquire the concepts related to enzyme kinetics and bioenergetics; 5. general aspects of the metabolism; 6. making judgements; 7. communication skills; 8. learning skills. This knowledge will be applied in the biotechnology field. Communication skills and attitude to learn will be evaluated.
119577 - MOLECOLAR BIOLOGY	Second Semester	9	BIO/11	Learning objectives The course aims to provide a solid basic knowledge of Molecular Biology. Alongside the treatment of the processes of transcription, translation, replication and DNA repair, a part of the course will be dedicated to examples of molecular mechanisms of regulation of transcription and translation. Another objective of the course is the acquisition of general knowledge of the main methodologies of molecular biology, of some advanced techniques of DNA sequencing, of genomic and post-genomic analysis in order to provide the basis for subsequent specialized studies required for inclusion in professional contexts related to advanced biotechnology. At the end of the course, the student will acquire: - ability to understand the complexity of the flow of information from gene to protein. - ability to understand and interpret data related to biomolecular processes studied with large-scale approaches. - ability to deal, during subsequent studies, with the continuous developments of molecular biology, a discipline in continuous expansion - ability to transfer the knowledge of molecular biology to similar problems in the context of the countless biotechnological applications. The student knows the principles underlying the main molecular biology techniques such as DNA cloning, PCR and DNA sequencing for practical applications in the biomedical, pharmaceutical, industrial and plant domains. The student is able to understand and discuss the structure of nucleic acids, genome and chromatin; the molecular mechanisms of replication, transcription, gene regulation and protein synthesis.
119529 - HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY	Second Semester	9	BIO/09	Learning objectives a) FORMATIVE OBJECTIVES Understanding the basic elements of the body and in particular be able to describe: the fundamental principles of cellular physiology and electrophysiology; the elemental interactions of cells; the organization and general functionality of the nervous system; the mechanisms of sensory transduction and muscle contractility; the key vegetative systems supporting body homeostasis. b) EXPECTED LEARNING RESULTS (Dublin Descriptors) KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING CAPACITY: To pass the exam, the student will have to demonstrate that she/he has gained a knowledge and ability to understand the issues related to the functioning of the body and nervous or non excitable cells that will allow her/him to set the discussion of theoretical issues in logical and complete way. CAPACITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND COMPREHENSION: The student will have to demonstrate how to set up applicative problems in the field of general and integrative Physiology. AUTONOMY OF JUDGEMENT: The student must have acquired such knowledge as to enable her/him to describe the mechanisms underlying the cell and body functions and to independently and reasonably evaluate possible different opinions on possible issues. COMMUNICATION SKILLS: At the end of the course, the student must have reached an appropriate organization of one's own thinking concerning the various subjects of the course, allowing her/him to expose the topics in an organic and appropriate scientific language. LEARNING CAPACITIES: The student must be able to examine and understand texts and scientific material, so that they can be used in daily contexts for the profession and for the research.

SUBJECT	SEMESTER	CFU	SSD	LANGUAGE
16177 - BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY	First Semester	7	CHIM/02		Learning objectives The biophysical chemistry course is designed to provide basic knowledge of the experimental approaches of physical chemistry to the biological sciences. The program seeks to provide students with an understanding of thermodynamics, kinetics, electrochemistry and a primer of quantum chemistry to understand spectroscopy. LEARNING OUTCOMES KNOWLEDGE AND CAPACITY OF COMPREHENSION: Basics of physical chemistry (thermodynamic, kinetic and quanto-mechanical treatment) applied to the study of biological systems. CAPACITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND COMPREHENSION: Starting from the examples discussed during the course, students should be able to apply different theoretical-experimental approaches to solving problems in the biotechnology field. AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT: Students should be able to understand and analyze experimental and computational data and discuss them logically. LEARNING CAPACITY: Students should be able to describe scientific issues applied to bio-molecular systems by critically using the methodologies and techniques discussed in the course. COMMUNICATIVE SKILLS: Students should be able to discuss scientific issues in the field of Biophysical chemistry.
NEW GROUP	-	-	-	-
PRINCIPLES OF OMICS SCIENCES		6	BIO/11		Learning objectives FORMATIVE OBJECTIVES: The 'OMICHE' course gives the student on the basic knowledge of protein chemistry to their broader and recent applications in the global study of proteins expressed in specific conditions or protein-protein interactions. To define the functional role of a protein in the biological context of belonging. During the course, students will gain insights into the main analytical and preparatory techniques employed in proteomics studies and theoretical-practical skills in protein identification and in the interpretation of MALDI and ESI mass spectra in biomolecular applications. b) EXPECTED LEARNING RESULTS: 1) Knowledge and understanding: Having acquired a good understanding of the biomechanical sciences 2) Applying knowledge and understanding: Students Know will learn how to integrate knowledge acquired into individual disciplines into an interdisciplinary knowledge needed to address any complex issues in biothecnology sector. They also know how to apply mass spectrometry knowledge to various biotechnology applications. 3) making judgments Students will need to develop the ability to process complex and / or fragmentary information and to come up with original and autonomous ideas and judgments capable of finding and selecting critically the sources of bibliographic data, databases and Literature in the scientific field. Judicial autonomy is developed through the critical study of scientific articles. 4) Communicative Skills: The student will be able to support a critical public discussion on the topics discussed in particular will be able to apply proteomic techniques for any scientific topic of interest. Will be able to work together in the design and execution of experimental protocols. 5) Learning Skills: The student will have the ability to identify, apply and develop innovative techniques in the field of pertinence,
FUNDAMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROTECHNOLOGY		6	BIO/09		Learning objectives a) FORMATIVE OBJECTIVES Understanding the basic elements of the physiology and neurophysiology of the central nervous system and describing the general events leading to the formation of the main brain areas and synapses, the general mechanisms of repair and regeneration, the central control of the movement, the complex brain functions, the general characteristics of neurodegenerative diseases, methods that can be applied in the neurosciences. b) EXPECTED LEARNING RESULTS (Dublin Descriptors) KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING CAPACITY: To pass the exam, the student will have to demonstrate that she/he has gained knowledge and ability to understand the issues related to the functioning of the central nervous system, neurodegeneration, and neurotechnology that will allow her/him to set the discussion of theoretical issues logically and completely. CAPACITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND COMPREHENSION: The student will have to demonstrate how to set up applicative problems in neuroscience and neurotechnology. AUTONOMY OF JUDGEMENT: The student must have acquired knowledge that enables her/him to describe the mechanisms underlying cell and body functions and to independently and reasonably evaluate different opinions on possible issues. COMMUNICATION SKILLS: At the end of the course, the student must have organized his/her thinking appropriately concerning the various subjects of the course, allowing her/him to expose the topics in an organic and appropriate scientific language. LEARNING CAPACITIES: The student must be able to examine and understand texts and scientific material used in daily contexts in the profession and research.
120314 - CHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY OF FERMENTATION	-	12	-	-	Learning objectives LEARNING OBJECTIVES This course aims to provide students with the necessary tools for managing bioprocesses on an industrial scale. Topics covered will include issues related to the isolation, preservation, and genetic improvement of microorganisms of industrial interest, the formulation and sterilization of industrial media, the preparation of inocula for industrial fermentations, and product recovery. The course will also cover the operation of biotechnological processes for the production of beer, bioactive molecules, and recombinant proteins. EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES “Knowledge and understanding”: Students will develop knowledge of fermentation processes and the technologies used for the cultivation of microorganisms on an industrial scale. “Applying knowledge and understanding”: Students will be familiar with and able to perform the basic operations for setting up and controlling a fermentation process, including the dosage of nutrients and metabolites. “Making judgements”: Students will acquire the ability to independently interpret knowledge related to the management of fermentation processes, the isolation and genetic manipulation of microbial strains of industrial interest, the purification of products of interest, and the management of data and information collected during laboratory activities. “Communication skills”: The written exam, written reports on laboratory activities, and the development of project work will allow students to demonstrate their ability to effectively communicate their knowledge and expertise on the topics covered and the problems addressed. “Learning skills”: In written tests and in the drafting of project work, students must demonstrate that they possess the learning skills necessary for the continuous development and deepening of skills in the field of fermentation biotechnology.
INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY		6	BIO/19		Learning objectives LEARNING OBJECTIVES This course aims to provide students with the necessary tools for managing bioprocesses on an industrial scale. Topics covered will include issues related to the isolation, preservation, and genetic improvement of microorganisms of industrial interest, the formulation and sterilization of industrial media, the preparation of inocula for industrial fermentations, and product recovery. The course will also cover the operation of biotechnological processes for the production of beer, bioactive molecules, and recombinant proteins. EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES “Knowledge and understanding”: Students will develop knowledge of fermentation processes and the technologies used for the cultivation of microorganisms on an industrial scale. “Applying knowledge and understanding”: Students will be familiar with and able to perform the basic operations for setting up and controlling a fermentation process, including the dosage of nutrients and metabolites. “Making judgements”: Students will acquire the ability to independently interpret knowledge related to the management of fermentation processes, the isolation and genetic manipulation of microbial strains of industrial interest, the purification of products of interest, and the management of data and information collected during laboratory activities. “Communication skills”: The written exam, written reports on laboratory activities, and the development of project work will allow students to demonstrate their ability to effectively communicate their knowledge and expertise on the topics covered and the problems addressed. “Learning skills”: In written tests and in the drafting of project work, students must demonstrate that they possess the learning skills necessary for the continuous development and deepening of skills in the field of fermentation biotechnology.
15142 - FREE EXAM	Second Semester	12
18453 - THESIS	Second Semester	8			Learning objectives 1) applying knowledge and 2) understanding 3) knowledge and understanding 4) making judgements 5) learning skills
119531 - CELLULAR BIOLOGY AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY	Second Semester	6	BIO/05		Learning objectives 1) applying knowledge and 2) understanding 3) knowledge and understanding 4) making judgements 5) learning skills
NEW GROUP	-	-	-	-
BIOCHEMICAL METHODOLOGIES		6	BIO/10		Learning objectives TRAINING OBJECTIVES The Teaching Course of Biochemistry Methodologies aims to provide a theoretical and practical knowledge on the preparative and analytical methods that are mostly used in biochemical research, but also in other transversal research fields. In particular, the provided knowledge relates to methodologies for the identification, isolation and structural/functional characterization of biological macromolecules. EXPECTED OUTCOMES 1. Knowledge and understanding At the end of the course the students will be able to: - know the main techniques used in biochemical investigations (centrifugation, spectroscopy, electrophoresis, chromatography) and the key parameters needed to set up a specific biochemical investigation; - describe the structural elements of the main instruments of a biochemical laboratory (centrifuge, spectrophotometer); - to know the appropriate terminology used in biochemical methods. 2. Applying knowledge and understanding At the end of the course the students will be able to: - choose the most appropriate biochemical procedure for achieving the experimental goals defined during the design of a research project; - evaluate the possible impact of variations in the key parameters involved in the main investigations in the biochemical field; - practically carry out the experiments performed during this course. 3. Making judgements Students should be able to understand and critically discuss the experimental results obtained in a research laboratory and use them to plan subsequent experiments. 4. Communication skills Students should have the ability to convey the acquired knowledge in a clear and comprehensible manner, even to non-experts, and must demonstrate the ability to present information also with graphs and formulas. 5. Learning skills Successful condition in learning is the ability to read and understand a scientific paper on biochemistry topic.
BIOPHARMACEUTICAL		6	BIO/14		Learning objectives 1) applying knowledge and 2) understanding 3) knowledge and understanding 4) making judgements 5) learning skills
119919 - BIOETHICS	Second Semester	7	AGR/06		Learning objectives The course provides students with basic knowledge on bioethics. Students will have the opportunity to learn the most relevant cases concerning: agro-forestry, agro-environmental, and agro-food biotechnologies, medical biotechnologies, intellectual property, and socio-scientific aspects. The course also aims to lead students to reflect and adjudicate controversies and debates on ethics issues in biotechnology and to help them develop a bioethics decision-making model after critical ethical reasoning. The course will contribute to the following learning outcomes: (i) The student will acquire knowledge, skills, and competencies to understand, analyze, and describe the practical implications and consequent ethical issues of biotechnology. The student will also acquire theoretical-experimental knowledge of applied ethics. All this knowledge, skills, and competencies will allow the student to understand and analyze both the fundamental elements of bioethics and the interdisciplinary ones. (ii) The student will be able to translate theoretical knowledge into practice and to argue problems in the field of bioethics in biotechnology. Through case studies, students will acquire the ability to apply theoretical knowledge on a practical level by implementing critical reasoning and developing decision-making models of bioethics. (iii) The student will also have the ability to interpret both basic and applied knowledge of bioethics independently. This ability will be acquired, in particular, thanks to the attendance of practical activities and interactive exercises in the classroom. (iv) The student attending the course will be able to communicate in a critical manner and with scientific vigor, the knowledge related to ethics and bioethics. This ability will also be achieved thanks to the extensive use of PowerPoint presentations in the classroom and to the interaction, dialogue, and exchange of opinions between students and between students and the teacher both during lectures and during case studies. (v) Students will understand and acquire methods of inquiry and critical thinking in the ethical and bioethical fields. They will therefore be able to independently deepen the knowledge and skills acquired. This ability will be developed through the active involvement of students through oral discussions in the classroom on specific topics of the course and in case studies.
120314 - CHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY OF FERMENTATION	-	12	-	-	Learning objectives LEARNING OBJECTIVES This course aims to provide students with the necessary tools for managing bioprocesses on an industrial scale. Topics covered will include issues related to the isolation, preservation, and genetic improvement of microorganisms of industrial interest, the formulation and sterilization of industrial media, the preparation of inocula for industrial fermentations, and product recovery. The course will also cover the operation of biotechnological processes for the production of beer, bioactive molecules, and recombinant proteins. EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES “Knowledge and understanding”: Students will develop knowledge of fermentation processes and the technologies used for the cultivation of microorganisms on an industrial scale. “Applying knowledge and understanding”: Students will be familiar with and able to perform the basic operations for setting up and controlling a fermentation process, including the dosage of nutrients and metabolites. “Making judgements”: Students will acquire the ability to independently interpret knowledge related to the management of fermentation processes, the isolation and genetic manipulation of microbial strains of industrial interest, the purification of products of interest, and the management of data and information collected during laboratory activities. “Communication skills”: The written exam, written reports on laboratory activities, and the development of project work will allow students to demonstrate their ability to effectively communicate their knowledge and expertise on the topics covered and the problems addressed. “Learning skills”: In written tests and in the drafting of project work, students must demonstrate that they possess the learning skills necessary for the continuous development and deepening of skills in the field of fermentation biotechnology.
CHEMISTRY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY OF FERMENTATION		6	CHIM/11		Learning objectives LEARNING OBJECTIVES This course aims to provide students with the necessary tools for managing bioprocesses on an industrial scale. Topics covered will include issues related to the isolation, preservation, and genetic improvement of microorganisms of industrial interest, the formulation and sterilization of industrial media, the preparation of inocula for industrial fermentations, and product recovery. The course will also cover the operation of biotechnological processes for the production of beer, bioactive molecules, and recombinant proteins. EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES “Knowledge and understanding”: Students will develop knowledge of fermentation processes and the technologies used for the cultivation of microorganisms on an industrial scale. “Applying knowledge and understanding”: Students will be familiar with and able to perform the basic operations for setting up and controlling a fermentation process, including the dosage of nutrients and metabolites. “Making judgements”: Students will acquire the ability to independently interpret knowledge related to the management of fermentation processes, the isolation and genetic manipulation of microbial strains of industrial interest, the purification of products of interest, and the management of data and information collected during laboratory activities. “Communication skills”: The written exam, written reports on laboratory activities, and the development of project work will allow students to demonstrate their ability to effectively communicate their knowledge and expertise on the topics covered and the problems addressed. “Learning skills”: In written tests and in the drafting of project work, students must demonstrate that they possess the learning skills necessary for the continuous development and deepening of skills in the field of fermentation biotechnology.

SUBJECT	SEMESTER	CFU	SSD
14962 - MATHEMATICS AND PRINCIPLES OF STATISTICS	First Semester	7	MAT/05	Learning objectives The course of "Mathematics and principles of statistics" aims at providing students with the basic tools of mathematical analysis and statistics in order to be able to study, analyze and discuss real situations and phenomena through the use of mathematical models and statistical tools. With specific reference to the Dublin Descriptors, the learning objectives are set out as follows: Knowledge understanding : at the end of the course, students will acquire specific knowledge on the methodologies of mathematical and statistical analysis to read, describe, specify and interpret a real phenomenon through technical tools of mathematical and statistical nature. With reference to the topics of mathematical analysis, students will develop methodological knowledge and will be provided with the basic tools to study linear and transcendental functions both through the study of limits and of differential calculus; they will also be able to elaborate real problems through the use of linear algebra and matrix calculus. As far as the notions of statistics are concerned, the aim of the course is to provide students with the methodological knowledge and the ability to use methods and tools for: a) the descriptive analysis of data; b) the introduction to the study of phenomena under conditions of uncertainty, through the notions of probability theory and random variables; c) the study of relationships between variables both from a descriptive point of view and an introduction to modelling through linear functions. Applying knowledge and understanding: at the end of the course, students will have acquired methodological knowledge and analytical skills and will be able to autonomously interpret analyses and empirical researches on the most relevant areas of intervention, also applied, relevant and related to the degree course. Students will be able to: i) evaluate the results of empirical analyses; consider the appropriateness of the mathematical and statistical methodologies used; identify any limitations of the analyses carried out and consider the use of alternative approaches;. Making judgements: the course is aimed at encouraging a critical approach to the use of different approaches, methods and techniques for mathematical-statistical modelling and data analysis for the interpretation of phenomena applied in the fields of interest of the degree course. Students: i) will develop critical skills on the use of various methods in relation to the analysis objectives of the phenomenon under study; ii) will be able to evaluate the contribution of a specific mathematical and data analysis methodology to the study of real phenomena, including complex ones; iii) will develop the ability to coherently integrate the contribution provided by quantitative analysis methods with the student's interdisciplinary skills. Communication skills: students will have developed specific skills to communicate unambiguously and clearly the analysis scheme adopted for the empirical study and to model, through mathematical analysis and statistics, real phenomena. The ability to communicate effectively will also be validated through the verification of logical-argumentative and synthesis skills. Learning skills: the teaching methodologies used during the course and the use of learning verification methods focused on the study of real functions and analysis of problems based on the study of empirical distributions will contribute to strengthen the students' ability of autonomy of judgement and the development of self-learning skills.
16173 - ANIMAL BIOLOGY	First Semester	8	BIO/05	Learning objectives The main aim of the course is to provide all the basics for understanding the correlation between morphology, anatomy and function of organs and systems in invertebrate and vertebrate taxa. The main knowledge to be acquired will concern: - basic elements of taxonomy and classification; elements of population genetics - evolutionary theories - the main adaptations of animals in relation to the living environment - the systematics of the most important animal phyla. The main skills (i.e. the ability to use the acquired knowledge) will be: 1) the use of the optical microscope for the systematic classification of the main invertebrate groups, as well as the systematic evaluation of whole animal preparations under formaldehyde and the anatomical reconstruction of animals through plastic models; 2) Link the differences of the anatomo-physiological organization of animals to the different ecological niches they occupy. EXPECTED LEARNING RESULTS In the evaluation of the student, the level of knowledge of the topics covered, the ability to analyze and to apply the acquired knowledge as well as the autonomy of judgment will be taken into account. The capacity for synthesis, mastery of expression and communication and the ability to make connections within the discipline or interdisciplinary will be also considered.
119537 - PLANT BIOLOGY AND PRINCIPLES OF PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY	First Semester	8	BIO/01	Learning objectives The objective of this course is to develop knowledge and skills in understanding plant cytology, anatomy and morphology. This knowledge and skills will be applied in understanding the functioning mechanism of plant organisms in terms of photosynthetic activity, water transport and reproductive processes.In addition, the student will develop skills in learning about the plant world that will then be useful in the continuation of his or her course of study.In educational terms, the student will be stimulated in the learning process and will develop independent assessment, judgment and communication skills. The objective of the principles of plant biotechnology is to develop knowledge and understanding of the basics of biotechnology applied to the plant. This applying knowledge will be a tool for understanding the role of the plant world to the transformation and obtaining of functional products. Making judgments and learning skills will be the ultimate goal of the course, the students will also enable them to develop the communication skills necessary for further education.
14963 - GENERAL AND INORGANIC CHEMISTRY	Second Semester	8	CHIM/03	Learning objectives This teaching aims to provide students with general concepts relating to the chemical aspects of catalysis and its applications in the biological and biotechnological fields. Starting from the fundamental aspects of chemical kinetics, a path will be developed which will ultimately enable the student to discuss the reaction mechanism of some processes of biotechnological interest, identifying their possible catalytic nature and critically discussing the various phases and possible industrial applications. Knowledge and understanding: acquisition by the student of specific contents relating to: i) general principles of chemical kinetics and catalysis; ii) identification of catalytic processes of biotechnological interest, with detailed description of the various phases; iii) placement of the systems studied in the more general context of catalysis and industrial biocatalysis. 2) Ability to apply knowledge and understanding: the student's ability to analyze, in the light of the knowledge acquired, the possible interest, even on a large scale, of a catalytic process, both natural and summary, critically examining the various phases and any application objectives. 3) Making judgments; the teaching will provide the student with the ability to work independently in judgment, also through critical consultation and comparison of teaching materials of various types. In any case, the ability of the individual to interact critically with the other components of a homogeneous class will be developed, stimulating in particular the interaction between the components of the same. 4) Communication skills: the student who attends the course will be continuously asked to illustrate, also through audiovisual techniques, the progress made in the study of the discipline and in the learning of the presented concepts. The teacher will also stimulate the discussion also through an exchange of opinions between the attending students, who will thus become an active part in the process of communication and elaboration of the individual. 5) Ability to learn (learning skills): it will be constantly stimulated also through the administration of tests and exercises to be performed autonomously, with the aim of restoring the results and comparing them with those obtained by students attending the same class. Class exercises and simulations of the final test will also be carried out.
15038 - ENGLISH LANGUAGE	Second Semester	6	L-LIN/12	Learning objectives "BIOTECHNOLOGY- Level B1 DIBAF" 2021-22 Overall teaching goals The course aims to enable students to read and understand effectively texts in English, such as short scientific and/or informative articles, book chapters, etc.. The secondary objective is to develop the ability to listen to short audio/video texts on the same topics. Moreover, the overall goals include: i. Stylistic and linguistic analysis of the text; ii. Vocabulary practice to build learners' knowledge of high-frequency words and phrases as well as common lexical sets, in order to prepare students to pass the final exam 1) knowledge and understanding Students must prove to have acquired knowledge and comprehension of language content at a level of competence equivalent to B1-B1+. 2) Use of knowledge and learning skills Students must prove to be able to use the knowledge and the learning skills developed during the course by passing the final exam. 3) Independent judgement Students will have to show that they are able to analyse the teaching material available in a critical and independent way, and to further practise the language with self-study activities, working independently. 4) Communication skills Even though the overall goals mainly focus on developing reading comprehension skills, during the course students will have to show that they have achieved a sufficient level of oral communication skills in English. 5) Learning abilities Students will have to demonstrate to have developed a range of study skills in the subject area (in terms of reading comprehension) equivalent to B1-B1+.
15613 - EUROPEAN LAW OF BIOTECHNOLOGY	Second Semester	6	IUS/14	Learning objectives 1) applying knowledge and 2) understanding 3) knowledge and understanding 4) making judgements 5) learning skills
18424 - PHYSICS	Second Semester	7	FIS/07	Learning objectives Knowledge and understanding: By the end of the course, students should demonstrate: • Knowledge of the fundamental principles of classical (mechanics, thermodynamics, electromagnetism) and modern physics, with a focus on phenomena relevant to biological systems. • The ability to understand how physical laws apply to biochemical and biological processes. Applied knowledge and understanding: Students should be able to: • Apply physical concepts to solve quantitative problems related to biological and biotechnological phenomena. • Use mathematical tools and physical models to analyze experimental data. • Interpret the functionality of biotechnological technologies based on physical principles, such as spectroscopy, microscopy, and magnetic resonance. Independent judgment: Be capable of: • Critically assessing the applicability of physical principles to biotechnological problems. • Analyzing experimental data and drawing evidence-based conclusions. Communication skills: Students should have developed the ability to: • Clearly and rigorously communicate physical concepts and results, using appropriate technical language. • Collaborate effectively in interdisciplinary contexts to address complex problems. Learning skills: • Be capable of independently learning new physical concepts and methodologies, continuously updating their knowledge to keep pace with advancements in biotechnology.
15790 - STAGE	Second Semester	8

SUBJECT	SEMESTER	CFU	SSD
13719 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY	First Semester	7	CHIM/06	Learning objectives EDUCATIONAL OBJECTIVES The course introduces the concepts and the experimental approaches of organic chemistry, working on the consolidation of principles acquired in the field of physics and general and inorganic chemistry to advance the knowledge of carbon chemistry. In the first part of the course, the cultural and practical bases for understanding the structure of organic molecules will be provided, paying particular attention to the existing relationships between the chemical structure and the chemical-physical and biological properties associated with them. The different physical hybridization states of the carbon will allow the three-dimensional vision of the molecules, facilitating the understanding of their role in the cell. The second part of the course is dedicated to the application of properties in the context of chemical reactivity. The student will have the opportunity to have answers to some of the key questions in his study: why do molecules react? What are the experimental factors that control the kinetics of the reactions? When is a reaction under thermodynamic control rather than kinetic? How is it possible to synthesize complex molecules from simple reagents? What is the impact of organic chemistry on the environment and how can it be reduced? This knowledge will allow the student to undertake subsequent study courses with strong structural and molecular expertise. EXPECTED LEARNING RESULTS Knowledge of the principles governing the formation of the chemical bond, using traditional theories (valence bond theory) and advanced theories (theory of molecular orbital and quantum mechanics ). Knowledge of nomenclature and classification (theory of functional groups) of organic molecules, with particular attention to the association between the family of organic molecules and biological and chemical-physical properties. Knowledge of the reactivity of organic molecules and experimental parameters capable of controlling thermodynamics and kinetics of organic transformations. Knowledge of the relationship between organic molecules and the origin of life. In addition to the knowledge gained through the study of organic chemistry, students will be able to apply the acquired concepts for the resolution of practical exercises related to the identification and classification of substances based on Their activity on the body, the effect of chirality on pharmacological activity, the possibility of separating organic isomers and the general methodologies for their analysis and their recognition. Making judgments: The course offers links to other disciplines (Physics, General Chemistry, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Computational Chemistry and Genetics) by providing an integrated knowledge. The student's critical judgment will be stimulated by constantly referring to the reading of recent studies published in scientific journals, questioning the current issues related to some of the core concepts of the discipline. Thanks to the multi-disciplinary and interdisciplinary nature of organic chemistry, it will be also possible to link the acquired concepts to other disciplines, allowing the student to form his own autonomy of judgment about the effectiveness of an integrated scientific approach. Communication skills: At the end of each part of the course, the students will be invited to form working groups to develop solutions and compete with others in solving practical exercises. The educational gain is aimed at increasing the communication skills and the ability to know how to work in a group, all aimed at consolidating the acquired concepts. Learning Skills: Students' learning abilities will be evaluated during the course of the course by exonerary tests that will allow you to individually monitor the maturation state of the knowledge, highlighting the student's ability to return.
15607 - MICROBIOLOGY AND PRINCIPLES OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY	First Semester	9	BIO/19	Learning objectives A) OBJECTIVES To provide students with basic knowledge of the world of microorganisms (prokaryotes, in particular) such as structure and function (cytology and physiology) and genetics of the procariate cell, development and consequent growth of populations. In addition, the student will have to gain a general view of the impact of microorganisms in nature (biogeochemical cycles, for example) and their potential applications at industrial and environmental level. There will also be some basic knowledge of virology. It is also the purpose of the course to make students feel confident with some basic techniques of the Microbiology Lab. B) EXPECTED LEARNING RESULTS 1) Knowledge and understanding Teaching will help to gain knowledge and ability to understand and describe basic biological structures and processes in microbiology. It also aims to acquire theoretical and experimental knowledge of microbiology in terms of cellular, morphological, biochemical, physiological and genetic aspects. All this information will allow the student to understand basic elements of both microbiology and those interdisciplinary. 2) Applying knowledge and understanding The student will be able to translate practical theoretical knowledge and arguing issues in the field of general microbiology and above all industrial and environmental. Through lab activities, students will acquire the ability to apply theoretical knowledge on a practical basis by implementing basic techniques typical of the microbiology laboratory. 3) Making judgments The student will have the ability to interpret autonomously both basic and applied knowledge of microbiology. This ability will be captured, in particular, thanks to the frequency of practical activities and classroom and laboratory exercises. 4) Communication skills The student who attends the teaching will be able to present, critically, the knowledge related to the general and applied microbiology, with the help of appropriate audiovisual techniques. This ability will also be achieved through the extensive use of power point presentations in the classroom and the dialogue and exchange of views between the students and the teacher both during the front lessons and during the lab activities. 5) Learning skills Students will understand and acquire methods of investigation and work in the microbiological field. They will therefore be able to deepen their knowledge and skills independently. This skill will be developed through the active involvement of students through oral class discussions on specific subjects of teaching and laboratory activities
118978 - GENETICS	First Semester	9	BIO/18	Learning objectives The purpose of this course is to provide students with the necessary information to understand the theoretical foundations of classical and molecular genetics and the experimental approaches that have allowed its definition. Students will be expected to learn the logic of formal genetic analysis and the methodologies of genetic dissection of biological phenomena. Concepts for understanding the paradigm shift that has occurred in the post-genomic era will be provided, and an understanding of the importance of both eukaryotic and prokaryotic model systems will be stimulated. The course is intended to provide the basis for further in-depth study in all areas of genetics. EXPECTED LEARNING OUTCOMES 1) Knowledge and understanding: At the end of the training activities, students will be able to manage in a project-oriented way the complementary methods derived from the knowledge of recombinant DNA techniques. 2) Ability to apply knowledge and understanding : Students will be stimulated to select the most appropriate and relevant methodological/experimental approaches to achieve specific objectives (e.g. biotechnological production of drugs, recombinant proteins, etc.). 3) Making judgements: The teaching will provide the student with the ability to work independently by providing appropriate types of teaching materials (lectures in the form of presentations, specific monographs, relevant scientific literature, computer platforms) and the performance of congruent laboratory activities synchronized with the theoretical part of the course. 4) Communication skills: students will be encouraged to actively participate in the lessons and will be stimulated to design and solve specific scenarios related to the different evolutionary phases of the course. 5) Learning skills: The students' learning skills will be assessed in itinere and verified through the individual ability to solve relevant and specific scenarios of interest, different from those envisaged during the course.
119530 - BIOINFORMATICS FOR GENOMICS	Second Semester	6	AGR/17	Learning objectives The aim of the course is to provide the student with the bioinformatics tools for the study of the genome Furthermore, programming languages, molecular biology techniques and technologies, analysis programs and computer resources will be considered as part of the course EXPECTED RESULTS KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: At the end of the course, students will have to demonstrate that they have acquired the knowledge of: - Nucleotide sequencing technologies; - Programming languages and programs for data analysis; - To access databases and databases; - To know the main algorithms used in the field of genomics. APPLIED KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: At the end of the course, the student will be able to understand how data analysis through the most widely used bioinformatics tools facilitates the understanding of complex biological processes. The use of programming languages facilitates and capables these analyses. AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT: The course will give the student the ability to autonomously judge data and situations, and the ability to solve problems related to different biological contexts, using different bioinformatics tools. COMMUNICATION SKILLS: During the course, the skills and information will be provided to communicate correctly and to interact constructively with all the actors belonging to the bioinformatics sector, both in the context of university research and in the work context. LEARNING SKILLS: The course will give the ability to deepen, update and expand the student's knowledge related to bioinformatics
119576 - BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY	Second Semester	9	BIO/10	Learning objectives The course will be focused on the relation between structure and function of different biomolecules (amino acids, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids) and on their behaviour in an aqueous environment. Moreover, the fundamental aspects of the enzyme kinetic and of the cellular metabolism will be discussed. The main objective to be reached are: 1. knowledge and understanding of general informations on the chemical and biological aspects related to amino acids, peptides and proteins; 2. applying knowledge and understanding of different biological phenomenoms like the protein denaturation and folding; 3. to understand the behaviour of allosteric enzymes; 4. to acquire the concepts related to enzyme kinetics and bioenergetics; 5. general aspects of the metabolism; 6. making judgements; 7. communication skills; 8. learning skills. This knowledge will be applied in the biotechnology field. Communication skills and attitude to learn will be evaluated.
119577 - MOLECOLAR BIOLOGY	Second Semester	9	BIO/11	Learning objectives The course aims to provide a solid basic knowledge of Molecular Biology. Alongside the treatment of the processes of transcription, translation, replication and DNA repair, a part of the course will be dedicated to examples of molecular mechanisms of regulation of transcription and translation. Another objective of the course is the acquisition of general knowledge of the main methodologies of molecular biology, of some advanced techniques of DNA sequencing, of genomic and post-genomic analysis in order to provide the basis for subsequent specialized studies required for inclusion in professional contexts related to advanced biotechnology. At the end of the course, the student will acquire: - ability to understand the complexity of the flow of information from gene to protein. - ability to understand and interpret data related to biomolecular processes studied with large-scale approaches. - ability to deal, during subsequent studies, with the continuous developments of molecular biology, a discipline in continuous expansion - ability to transfer the knowledge of molecular biology to similar problems in the context of the countless biotechnological applications. The student knows the principles underlying the main molecular biology techniques such as DNA cloning, PCR and DNA sequencing for practical applications in the biomedical, pharmaceutical, industrial and plant domains. The student is able to understand and discuss the structure of nucleic acids, genome and chromatin; the molecular mechanisms of replication, transcription, gene regulation and protein synthesis.
119529 - HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY	Second Semester	9	BIO/09	Learning objectives a) FORMATIVE OBJECTIVES Understanding the basic elements of the body and in particular be able to describe: the fundamental principles of cellular physiology and electrophysiology; the elemental interactions of cells; the organization and general functionality of the nervous system; the mechanisms of sensory transduction and muscle contractility; the key vegetative systems supporting body homeostasis. b) EXPECTED LEARNING RESULTS (Dublin Descriptors) KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING CAPACITY: To pass the exam, the student will have to demonstrate that she/he has gained a knowledge and ability to understand the issues related to the functioning of the body and nervous or non excitable cells that will allow her/him to set the discussion of theoretical issues in logical and complete way. CAPACITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND COMPREHENSION: The student will have to demonstrate how to set up applicative problems in the field of general and integrative Physiology. AUTONOMY OF JUDGEMENT: The student must have acquired such knowledge as to enable her/him to describe the mechanisms underlying the cell and body functions and to independently and reasonably evaluate possible different opinions on possible issues. COMMUNICATION SKILLS: At the end of the course, the student must have reached an appropriate organization of one's own thinking concerning the various subjects of the course, allowing her/him to expose the topics in an organic and appropriate scientific language. LEARNING CAPACITIES: The student must be able to examine and understand texts and scientific material, so that they can be used in daily contexts for the profession and for the research.

SUBJECT	SEMESTER	CFU	SSD	LANGUAGE
NEW GROUP	-	-	-	-
BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS OF PLANT SUBSTANCES		6	BIO/01		Learning objectives 1) applying knowledge and 2) understanding 3) knowledge and understanding 4) making judgements 5) learning skills
BIOTECHNOLOGY OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLES		6	AGR/15		Learning objectives 1) applying knowledge and 2) understanding 3) knowledge and understanding 4) making judgements 5) learning skills
16177 - BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY	First Semester	7	CHIM/02		Learning objectives The biophysical chemistry course is designed to provide basic knowledge of the experimental approaches of physical chemistry to the biological sciences. The program seeks to provide students with an understanding of thermodynamics, kinetics, electrochemistry and a primer of quantum chemistry to understand spectroscopy. LEARNING OUTCOMES KNOWLEDGE AND CAPACITY OF COMPREHENSION: Basics of physical chemistry (thermodynamic, kinetic and quanto-mechanical treatment) applied to the study of biological systems. CAPACITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND COMPREHENSION: Starting from the examples discussed during the course, students should be able to apply different theoretical-experimental approaches to solving problems in the biotechnology field. AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT: Students should be able to understand and analyze experimental and computational data and discuss them logically. LEARNING CAPACITY: Students should be able to describe scientific issues applied to bio-molecular systems by critically using the methodologies and techniques discussed in the course. COMMUNICATIVE SKILLS: Students should be able to discuss scientific issues in the field of Biophysical chemistry.
119866 - BIOTECNOLOGY OF VEGETABLE PRODUCTION	-	12	-	-	Learning objectives 1) applying knowledge and 2) understanding 3) knowledge and understanding 4) making judgements 5) learning skills
GENETICS BIOTECHNOLOGIES		6	AGR/07		Learning objectives 1) applying knowledge and 2) understanding 3) knowledge and understanding 4) making judgements 5) learning skills
MODULE II		6	AGR/07		Learning objectives 1) applying knowledge and 2) understanding 3) knowledge and understanding 4) making judgements 5) learning skills
NEW GROUP	-	-	-	-
ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR SUSTAINABILITY		6	BIO/05		Learning objectives Learning objectives The aim of the course is to provide the information to understand the general importance of animal biodiversity as a biotechnological resource and environmental sustainability. The main objectives of the course are the knowledge of the general characteristics of model animal organisms in the field of Biotechnology, the methods of cultivation of animal cells and tissues, stem cells, the study of methods of embryo production and conservation, the methods of gene transfer, cloning and creation of transgenic animals together with their fundamental applications in the biotechnological and biomedical fields. The course also aims to learn about the methods of development of innovative functional foods (Novel foods); molecules of biotechnological interest obtained from phyla animals invertebrates and the development of innovative biotechnologies applied to environmental sustainability and the conservation of animal species. The course will also deal with some ethical issues related to the use of animal biotechnology and provide technical and interpretative tools useful for the development of the skills necessary to increase the skills of critical analysis of scientific works. The achievement of the training objectives takes place through lectures, seminars, group work, educational visits to research laboratories. EXPECTED RESULTS KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: At the end of the course, students will have to demonstrate that they have acquired advanced knowledge of the characteristics of the main experimental methods applied in the field of sustainable animal biotechnology in the different areas of application APPLIED KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: Apply the theoretical knowledge acquired to identify the most suitable animal biotechnological methodologies in real situations or work simulations in dealing with the social, environmental and health challenges that contemporary society is facing. AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT: To be able to autonomously judge the correctness in the planning of experiments involving animal cells and organisms, to find information on experimental procedures and methods to sustainable alternatives; have critical skills with respect to current opinions related to animal experimentation and recognize their compliance with ethical principles. COMMUNICATION SKILLS: Have developed the ability to present the information learned in a concise and clear way, to examine it logically and critically; have the ability to communicate data concerning the main research fields of animal biotechnology through oral presentations. LEARNING SKILLS: To be able to learn knowledge regarding advanced biotechnological fields and future methodological developments in the animal field for sustainability.
PLANT PATHOLOGY AND PRINCIPLES OF PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY		6	AGR/12		Learning objectives Purpose of the Course The purpose of the course is to provide students with knowledge of the etiological, biological, and epidemiological aspects of plant diseases caused by phytopathogens and to critically present biotechnological approaches used in phytopathology. Additionally, it aims to identify biotechnological applications in agriculture based on the use of microorganisms. Expected Learning Outcomes Knowledge and Understanding By the end of the course, students must demonstrate that they have acquired knowledge regarding phytopathological biotechnologies. Application of Knowledge and Understanding During the course, students will be encouraged to familiarize themselves with recent scientific literature and develop their ability to apply this knowledge in practical scenarios. Autonomy of Judgment Students will be able to collect, organize, and interpret data related to phytopathological biotechnologies, enabling them to make informed and independent decisions. Communication Skills Students will have developed the ability to communicate the acquired knowledge effectively using appropriate terminology in written, oral, or multimedia formats. They will also learn to engage with professionals from both their own and other fields, as well as to work collaboratively in a team. Learning Skills Students will be capable of learning independently and deepening their expertise through the consultation of bibliographic materials, databases, and other scientific resources.
15142 - FREE EXAM	Second Semester	12
18453 - THESIS	Second Semester	8			Learning objectives 1) applying knowledge and 2) understanding 3) knowledge and understanding 4) making judgements 5) learning skills
119531 - CELLULAR BIOLOGY AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY	Second Semester	6	BIO/05		Learning objectives 1) applying knowledge and 2) understanding 3) knowledge and understanding 4) making judgements 5) learning skills
119919 - BIOETHICS	Second Semester	7	AGR/06		Learning objectives The course provides students with basic knowledge on bioethics. Students will have the opportunity to learn the most relevant cases concerning: agro-forestry, agro-environmental, and agro-food biotechnologies, medical biotechnologies, intellectual property, and socio-scientific aspects. The course also aims to lead students to reflect and adjudicate controversies and debates on ethics issues in biotechnology and to help them develop a bioethics decision-making model after critical ethical reasoning. The course will contribute to the following learning outcomes: (i) The student will acquire knowledge, skills, and competencies to understand, analyze, and describe the practical implications and consequent ethical issues of biotechnology. The student will also acquire theoretical-experimental knowledge of applied ethics. All this knowledge, skills, and competencies will allow the student to understand and analyze both the fundamental elements of bioethics and the interdisciplinary ones. (ii) The student will be able to translate theoretical knowledge into practice and to argue problems in the field of bioethics in biotechnology. Through case studies, students will acquire the ability to apply theoretical knowledge on a practical level by implementing critical reasoning and developing decision-making models of bioethics. (iii) The student will also have the ability to interpret both basic and applied knowledge of bioethics independently. This ability will be acquired, in particular, thanks to the attendance of practical activities and interactive exercises in the classroom. (iv) The student attending the course will be able to communicate in a critical manner and with scientific vigor, the knowledge related to ethics and bioethics. This ability will also be achieved thanks to the extensive use of PowerPoint presentations in the classroom and to the interaction, dialogue, and exchange of opinions between students and between students and the teacher both during lectures and during case studies. (v) Students will understand and acquire methods of inquiry and critical thinking in the ethical and bioethical fields. They will therefore be able to independently deepen the knowledge and skills acquired. This ability will be developed through the active involvement of students through oral discussions in the classroom on specific topics of the course and in case studies.

Learning objectives

FORMATIVE OBJECTIVES:

The 'OMICHE' course gives the student on the basic knowledge of protein chemistry to their broader and recent applications in the global study of proteins expressed in specific conditions or protein-protein interactions. To define the functional role of a protein in the biological context of belonging. During the course, students will gain insights into the main analytical and preparatory techniques employed in proteomics studies and theoretical-practical skills in protein identification and in the interpretation of MALDI and ESI mass spectra in biomolecular applications.

b) EXPECTED LEARNING RESULTS:
1) Knowledge and understanding:
Having acquired a good understanding of the biomechanical sciences

2) Applying knowledge and understanding:
Students Know will learn how to integrate knowledge acquired into individual disciplines into an interdisciplinary knowledge needed to address any complex issues in biothecnology sector.
They also know how to apply mass spectrometry knowledge to various biotechnology applications.

3) making judgments
Students will need to develop the ability to process complex and / or fragmentary information and to come up with original and autonomous ideas and judgments capable of finding and selecting critically the sources of bibliographic data, databases and
Literature in the scientific field. Judicial autonomy is developed through the critical study of scientific articles.

4) Communicative Skills:
The student will be able to support a critical public discussion on the topics discussed in particular will be able to apply proteomic techniques for any scientific topic of interest. Will be able to work together in the design and execution of experimental protocols.

5) Learning Skills:
The student will have the ability to identify, apply and develop innovative techniques in the field of pertinence,

Learning objectives

a) FORMATIVE OBJECTIVES
Understanding the basic elements of the physiology and neurophysiology of the central nervous system and describing the general events leading to the formation of the main brain areas and synapses, the general mechanisms of repair and regeneration, the central control of the movement, the complex brain functions, the general characteristics of neurodegenerative diseases, methods that can be applied in the neurosciences.

b) EXPECTED LEARNING RESULTS (Dublin Descriptors)
KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING CAPACITY: To pass the exam, the student will have to demonstrate that she/he has gained knowledge and ability to understand the issues related to the functioning of the central nervous system, neurodegeneration, and neurotechnology that will allow her/him to set the discussion of theoretical issues logically and completely.
CAPACITY TO APPLY KNOWLEDGE AND COMPREHENSION: The student will have to demonstrate how to set up applicative problems in neuroscience and neurotechnology.
AUTONOMY OF JUDGEMENT: The student must have acquired knowledge that enables her/him to describe the mechanisms underlying cell and body functions and to independently and reasonably evaluate different opinions on possible issues.
COMMUNICATION SKILLS: At the end of the course, the student must have organized his/her thinking appropriately concerning the various subjects of the course, allowing her/him to expose the topics in an organic and appropriate scientific language.
LEARNING CAPACITIES: The student must be able to examine and understand texts and scientific material used in daily contexts in the profession and research.

Learning objectives

TRAINING OBJECTIVES
The Teaching Course of Biochemistry Methodologies aims to provide a theoretical and practical knowledge on the preparative and analytical methods that are mostly used in biochemical research, but also in other transversal research fields. In particular, the provided knowledge relates to methodologies for the identification, isolation and structural/functional characterization of biological macromolecules.
EXPECTED OUTCOMES
1. Knowledge and understanding At the end of the course the students will be able to:
- know the main techniques used in biochemical investigations (centrifugation, spectroscopy, electrophoresis, chromatography) and the key parameters needed to set up a specific biochemical investigation;
- describe the structural elements of the main instruments of a biochemical laboratory (centrifuge, spectrophotometer);
- to know the appropriate terminology used in biochemical methods.
2. Applying knowledge and understanding
At the end of the course the students will be able to:
- choose the most appropriate biochemical procedure for achieving the experimental goals defined during the design of a research project;
- evaluate the possible impact of variations in the key parameters involved in the main investigations in the biochemical field;
- practically carry out the experiments performed during this course.
3. Making judgements
Students should be able to understand and critically discuss the experimental results obtained in a research laboratory and use them to plan subsequent experiments.
4. Communication skills
Students should have the ability to convey the acquired knowledge in a clear and comprehensible manner, even to non-experts, and must demonstrate the ability to present information also with graphs and formulas.
5. Learning skills
Successful condition in learning is the ability to read and understand a scientific paper on biochemistry topic.

Learning objectives

1) applying knowledge and
2) understanding
3) knowledge and understanding
4) making judgements
5) learning skills

Learning objectives

1) applying knowledge and
2) understanding
3) knowledge and understanding
4) making judgements
5) learning skills

Learning objectives

1) applying knowledge and
2) understanding
3) knowledge and understanding
4) making judgements
5) learning skills

Learning objectives

Learning objectives
The aim of the course is to provide the information to understand the general importance of animal biodiversity as a biotechnological resource and environmental sustainability.
The main objectives of the course are the knowledge of the general characteristics of model animal organisms in the field of Biotechnology, the methods of cultivation of animal cells and tissues, stem cells, the study of methods of embryo production and conservation, the methods of gene transfer, cloning and creation of transgenic animals together with their fundamental applications in the biotechnological and biomedical fields.
The course also aims to learn about the methods of development of innovative functional foods (Novel foods); molecules of biotechnological interest obtained from phyla animals invertebrates and the development of innovative biotechnologies applied to environmental sustainability and the conservation of animal species.
The course will also deal with some ethical issues related to the use of animal biotechnology and provide technical and interpretative tools useful for the development of the skills necessary to increase the skills of critical analysis of scientific works.
The achievement of the training objectives takes place through lectures, seminars, group work, educational visits to research laboratories.
EXPECTED RESULTS
KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: At the end of the course, students will have to demonstrate that they have acquired advanced knowledge of the characteristics of the main experimental methods applied in the field of sustainable animal biotechnology in the different areas of application
APPLIED KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING: Apply the theoretical knowledge acquired to identify the most suitable animal biotechnological methodologies in real situations or work simulations in dealing with the social, environmental and health challenges that contemporary society is facing.
AUTONOMY OF JUDGMENT: To be able to autonomously judge the correctness in the planning of experiments involving animal cells and organisms, to find information
on experimental procedures and methods to sustainable alternatives; have critical skills with respect to current opinions related to animal experimentation and recognize their compliance with ethical principles.
COMMUNICATION SKILLS: Have developed the ability to present the information learned in a concise and clear way, to examine it logically and critically; have the ability to communicate data concerning the main research fields of animal biotechnology through oral presentations.
LEARNING SKILLS: To be able to learn knowledge regarding advanced biotechnological fields and future methodological developments in the animal field for sustainability.

Learning objectives

Purpose of the Course
The purpose of the course is to provide students with knowledge of the etiological, biological, and epidemiological aspects of plant diseases caused by phytopathogens and to critically present biotechnological approaches used in phytopathology. Additionally, it aims to identify biotechnological applications in agriculture based on the use of microorganisms.
Expected Learning Outcomes
Knowledge and Understanding
By the end of the course, students must demonstrate that they have acquired knowledge regarding phytopathological biotechnologies.
Application of Knowledge and Understanding
During the course, students will be encouraged to familiarize themselves with recent scientific literature and develop their ability to apply this knowledge in practical scenarios.
Autonomy of Judgment
Students will be able to collect, organize, and interpret data related to phytopathological biotechnologies, enabling them to make informed and independent decisions.
Communication Skills
Students will have developed the ability to communicate the acquired knowledge effectively using appropriate terminology in written, oral, or multimedia formats. They will also learn to engage with professionals from both their own and other fields, as well as to work collaboratively in a team.
Learning Skills
Students will be capable of learning independently and deepening their expertise through the consultation of bibliographic materials, databases, and other scientific resources.

CHOICE GROUPS	YEAR/SEMESTER	CFU	SSD	LANGUAGE
NEW GROUP	-	0	-	-
17720 - PRINCIPLES OF OMICS SCIENCES	Third Year / First Semester	6	BIO/11
119532 - FUNDAMENTAL NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROTECHNOLOGY	Third Year / First Semester	6	BIO/09
17531 - BIOCHEMICAL METHODOLOGIES	Third Year / Second Semester	6	BIO/10
119999 - BIOPHARMACEUTICAL	Third Year / Second Semester	6	BIO/14
NEW GROUP	-	12	-	-
119534 - BIOTECHNOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS OF PLANT SUBSTANCES	Third Year / First Semester	6	BIO/01
119536 - BIOTECHNOLOGY OF FRUIT AND VEGETABLES	Third Year / First Semester	6	AGR/15
119535 - ANIMAL BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR SUSTAINABILITY	Third Year / Second Semester	6	BIO/05
15054 - PLANT PATHOLOGY AND PRINCIPLES OF PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL BIOTECHNOLOGY	Third Year / Second Semester	6	AGR/12

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